Regional Interdependence Flashcards
The theory that an area of complaint can be influenced by a system distant from that area
Regional Interdependence
The ability to control unwanted movement
Stability
The ability to move freely in a desired direction
Mobility
What is the body’s primary objective (think NMS wise)?
Stability!
There are 4 types of mechanoreceptors. Types ____ are MOVEMENT based
1-3 (GTOs, muscle spindles, Ruffini, Pacinian)
Type 4 mechanoreceptors are what?
Nociceptors (Pain) - unmyelinated free nerve endings
The joint-by-joint theory states that joints can be classified into these two categories based on their primary need:
- Stability Joint
2. Mobility Joint
Name the MOBILITY joints in the J-by-J theory (6)
- upper cervical spine
- thoracic spine
- shoulder
- wrist
- hip
- ankle
Name the STABILITY joints based on the J-by-J theory (7)
- lower cervical spine
- lumbar spine
- scapulothoracic
- elbow
- hand
- knee
- foot
Dr. _______ observed that polio patients and low back pain patients moved similarly
Vladimir Janda
Dr. Janda discovered two main individual syndromes. Name them
- Upper crossed syndrome
- Lower crossed syndrome
What is it called when both U/C and L/C syndromes are present?
Layer syndrome (stratification syndrome)
Dr. Janda’s two classes of muscles?
- Postural muscles
2. Phasic muscles
According the Dr. Janda, postural muscles are prone to becoming ___ and ___, and are ____ (facilitated/inhibited)
Short, tight
Facilitated
According to Dr. Janda, phasic muscles are prone to becoming ___ and ___, and are ____. (Facilitated/inhibited)
Long, weak
Inhibited
According to Dr. Janda are the following muscles postural (facilitated) or phasic (inhibited)?
- tibialis anterior
- glut max
- glut med
- rectus abdominus
- lower and middle traps
- longus capitus and colli
- deltoids
- digastrics
Phasic (inhibited)
According to Dr. Janda are the following muscles postural or phasic?
- triceps surae
- hamstrings
- adductors
- rectus femoris
- psoas
- erector spinae
- quadratus lumborum
- pec major/minor
- upper traps
- SCM
- suboccipitals
Postural
___ crossed syndrome impacts the position and function of the diaphragm (among others)
Upper
Name the muscles of upper crossed syndrome that are facilitated (hyperactive) (5)
- Upper traps
- Levator scapulae
- SCM
- Pec major/minor
- Suboccipitals
Name the 3 muscles that are inhibited (hypoactive) in upper crossed syndrome
- Deep neck flexors
- Lower traps
- Serratus anterior
Deep hyperlordosis, anterior pelvic tilt, slight hip flexion, slight knee flexion, thoracolumbar hyperkyphosis, leg external rotation…this is the classic postural presentation of ____
Lower crossed syndrome
Name the facilitated muscles in lower crossed syndrome (4)
- Lumbar paraspinals
- Rectus femoris
- Iliopsoas
- TFL
Name the 3 inhibited muscles in lower crossed syndrome
- Abdominals
- Glut max
- Glut med/min
What is the commonality of ALL trunk muscles?
They all possess the ability to influence the orientation of the pelvis and/or the spine
The ___ is designed to withstand axial loading in a neutral position
Spine
