NMS2 Conditions

Question 1

An increase in intramuscular pressure of the paraspinal region. The increased pressure is due to unyielding fascia which does not allow muscles to expand.

Answer 1

Paraspinal compartment syndrome

Question 2

T/F, paraspinal compartment syndrome is common.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

T/F, in Paraspinal compartment syndrome pain is increased on flexion and relieved on extension.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Where is paraspinal compartment syndrome most common?

Answer 4

Lower leg

Question 5

A rare condition in which the neck muscles contract, causing the head to twist to one side

Answer 5

Torticollis

Question 6

Torticollis is most common in the __ and __ decades of life

Answer 6

4th, 5th

Question 7

Muscle usually involved in torticollis?

Answer 7

SCM

Question 8

Medical name for a bone infection

Answer 8

Osteomyelitis

Question 9

A focal outpocketing of the intervertebral disc with resultant nerve root compression and corresponding neurologic alterations based on the degree of compression or irritation

Answer 9

Intervertebral disc syndrome

Question 10

___ have shrunken, yellowed and dehydrated nucleus pulposus (age category)

Answer 10

Elderly

Question 11

Bulging of the nucleus pulposus through weakened annulus fibrosus. Usually posterior and posterolateral

Answer 11

Protrusion

Question 12

Rupture of nucleus pulposus through annulus, but not the posterior or anterior longitudinal ligaments

Answer 12

Prolapse

Question 13

Rupture of the nucleus pulposus through annulus and ALL/PLL

Answer 13

Extrusion

Question 14

Fragmentation of extruded segment, may extend into spinal canal or far from site of rupture.

Answer 14

Sequestration

Question 15

A disorder where the femoral nerve or it’s nerve roots are irritated, leading to radicular pain in the distribution of the roots or the femoral nerve

Answer 15

Femoral neuritis

Question 16

The peak incidence of disabling symptoms from degenerative disc disease (DJD) tends to occur between ages __ and __

Answer 16

35, 55

Question 17

The works of ___-___ divide the degenerative disc process into three distinct, yet overlapping phases

Answer 17

Kirkaldy-Willis

Question 18

A narrowing of the spinal canal

Answer 18

Spinal stenosis

Question 19

Any factor which alters the size or shape of the canal usually during developmental years is considered a ____ cause (primary/secondary)

Answer 19

Primary

Question 20

___ causes of spinal stenosis are generally associated with the outcome of degenerative changes

Answer 20

Secondary

Question 21

Name the disorder: relatively rare (1/100,000 to 1/33,000), often attributed to massive lumbar disc prolapse, rapid progression of neurologic signs in patient with known disc herniation, bilateral leg pain and neurologic symptoms

Answer 21

Cauda equina syndrome

Question 22

T/F, cauda equina syndrome will often include bowel/bladder incontinence

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Is cauda equina syndrome a surgical emergency?

Answer 23

YES, compression needs to be relieved immediately

Question 24

Name the three classifications of facet syndrome:

Answer 24

1. Traumatic
2. Pathologic
3. Postural

Question 25

Known as “kissing spine syndrome”

Answer 25

Baastrup’s disease

Question 26

In Baastrup’s disease, which spinal segment is most commonly affected?

Answer 26

L4-L5