NMS2 Conditions Flashcards
An increase in intramuscular pressure of the paraspinal region. The increased pressure is due to unyielding fascia which does not allow muscles to expand.
Paraspinal compartment syndrome
T/F, paraspinal compartment syndrome is common.
False
T/F, in Paraspinal compartment syndrome pain is increased on flexion and relieved on extension.
True
Where is paraspinal compartment syndrome most common?
Lower leg
A rare condition in which the neck muscles contract, causing the head to twist to one side
Torticollis
Torticollis is most common in the __ and __ decades of life
4th, 5th
Muscle usually involved in torticollis?
SCM
Medical name for a bone infection
Osteomyelitis
A focal outpocketing of the intervertebral disc with resultant nerve root compression and corresponding neurologic alterations based on the degree of compression or irritation
Intervertebral disc syndrome
___ have shrunken, yellowed and dehydrated nucleus pulposus (age category)
Elderly
Bulging of the nucleus pulposus through weakened annulus fibrosus. Usually posterior and posterolateral
Protrusion
Rupture of nucleus pulposus through annulus, but not the posterior or anterior longitudinal ligaments
Prolapse
Rupture of the nucleus pulposus through annulus and ALL/PLL
Extrusion
Fragmentation of extruded segment, may extend into spinal canal or far from site of rupture.
Sequestration
A disorder where the femoral nerve or it’s nerve roots are irritated, leading to radicular pain in the distribution of the roots or the femoral nerve
Femoral neuritis
The peak incidence of disabling symptoms from degenerative disc disease (DJD) tends to occur between ages __ and __
35, 55
The works of ___-___ divide the degenerative disc process into three distinct, yet overlapping phases
Kirkaldy-Willis
A narrowing of the spinal canal
Spinal stenosis
Any factor which alters the size or shape of the canal usually during developmental years is considered a ____ cause (primary/secondary)
Primary
___ causes of spinal stenosis are generally associated with the outcome of degenerative changes
Secondary
Name the disorder: relatively rare (1/100,000 to 1/33,000), often attributed to massive lumbar disc prolapse, rapid progression of neurologic signs in patient with known disc herniation, bilateral leg pain and neurologic symptoms
Cauda equina syndrome
T/F, cauda equina syndrome will often include bowel/bladder incontinence
True
Is cauda equina syndrome a surgical emergency?
YES, compression needs to be relieved immediately
Name the three classifications of facet syndrome:
- Traumatic
- Pathologic
- Postural
Known as “kissing spine syndrome”
Baastrup’s disease
In Baastrup’s disease, which spinal segment is most commonly affected?
L4-L5
