Refugeed People: Policies and Access to Services Flashcards
Vulnerability Factors for Refugee children:
- Age and stage of development
- Separation from caregivers
- Access to education
- Peer support
- Sense of security and trust
- Coping mechanisms
- Access to basic needs (shelter, food, water, sanitation, education, healthcare)
Adversity in the migration process for refugee:
At the Pre-migration, Migration and Post-migration, each step are challenging and increase the vulnerability factors
Vulnerability Factors for Refugee women:
- Gender-based violence
- Sexual violence and trauma
- Access to services
- Language barriers
- Cultural differences
Vulnerability Factors for Older Refugees:
- Change in social status
- Physical health
- Social support/isolation
- Language barriers
- Loss of independence
- Access to financial and/or social support
Vulnerability Factors for Refugees with Disabilities:
- Pre-existing disability, or caused and/or aggraved during migration (eg. malnutrition, increased risk for disease in refugee camp)
- Access to care
Asylum Program:
People making a refugee protection claim from within Canada to the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB) to gain a refugee status
Refugee and Humanitarian Resettlement Program:
People seeking protection from outside Canada to private sponsored refugees (PSR) or Government-Assisted Refugees (GAR)
When the refugee claim is being considered and accepted, they can apply for permanent residence (PR). But when they are refused, other option need to taken:
- Can be eligible to apply for a Pre-removal risk assessment (PRRA)
- Can be eligible to appeal to the Refugee Appeal Division (RAD) at the immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB)
- Can apply for judicial review of the IRB decision with a lawyer
- Can apply to stay on Humanitarian or Compassionate grounds (H and C)
Immigration detention is:
The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) who is responsible for arrests and detention. The Canada’s immigration laws allow for the detention of some non-citizens for immigration reasons, including identity and flight risk.
Health Issues for Detained Claimants (refugee claimant detention):
- Access to Primary health care
- Sleep/food/discomforts
- Transport/restraints for hospital visits (exceptions for pregnant women, families and elderly)
- No immigration medical exam in detention
- Limited access to medications/specialists
- Discontinuity of medical care
- Anxiety and depression
Status of Refugee means:
Any person who, by reason of a well-founded fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group or political opinion. AND is outside the country of his/her nationality or habitual residence
Privately Sponsored Refugees are
individual, groups of Canadian citizens or permanent residents, community groups or organizations who is responsible for all financial and settlement support during the newcomer’s first year in Canada. (refugees must be both eligible and admissible to come to Canada by a visa office AND pass a medical exam)
The Pre-Departure Health Coverage include:
Medical exam (fees covered), vaccinations, tx of disease outbreaks in refugee camps and medical support during travel to Canada.
Health Assessment of new refugees in Canada:
- Referrals done as soon as possible and prioritized by need
- often utilize interpreters
- Can be done in the family’s home (rare)
- Usually seen by a nurse and a social worker
- General orientation to Qc health system
- Referrals as needed to facilitate access to services
- Vaccinations
Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) is
Offers temporary health care coverage to resettled refugees and refugee claimants who aren’t eligible for provincial coverage (Basic coverage, similar to RAMQ, supplemental coverage with preauthorisation often required (vison care, emergency dental care, nursing visits, emergency ambulance, medical devices…)
