Intinate Partner Violence Flashcards
IPV refers to:
any behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes physical, emotional or sexual abuse or controlling behaviours.
Women vs men in IVP:
- EQUAL Proportions of men and women victims of spousal violence (4% each)
- Women 3X more likely to have serious injury.
- 80% of victims reporting to police were women.
LGBTQ2 unique issues with IPV:
- Bisexual significantly more likely to experience IPV, physical injuries du to IPV.
- Transgender greater risk of lifetime physical abuse by partner.
Risk factors: Individual:
- Prior experience of IPV
- Exposure or acceptance of violence
- Alcohol use (perpetrator)
- Low level of education
- Dependance/disability, indigenous
- Pregnancy (first offence)
Risk factors: Relational:
- Conflict in couple, financial stressors
- Male dominance or who having multiple partners
- Woman with greater educational attainment.
Risk factors: Society:
- Poverty, low socio-economic status
- Gender inequality social norm, weak legal sanction
Cycle of Violence:
Tension Building
Incident
Reconciliation
Calm (honeymoon phase)
Perpetrator Typology: 4 types
Intimate Terrorism
Situational Violence
Violent Resistance
Mutual Violence
Perpetrator behaviors to control and to have the power:
Using coercion and threats
Using emotional, economic or sexual abuse
Using isolation
Using intimidation
Using children
Minimizing, denying and blaming
Using male privilege (act as the master of the castle)
Reason for IPV stays:
Financial dependency Fear for her and family safety Low self-esteem Hope for change Isolation Lack of knowledge of existing resources
The role of the nurses:
Assessment
Counseling
Referral
Advocacy
The role of the nurses: Assessment:
Ask the question (Nurses should always ask in routine universal screening for all females 12 y. and older.)
Acknowledge the abuse
Validate the individual’s experience
Attitudes of the nurses:
Respect the autonomy, belief in the account and recognize that the process must be done at her own pace and directed by her decisions.
How to ask the question:
Because IPV is really common, I routinely ask to all my patient about it, may I ask you a couple of questions?
The role of the nurses: Counseling and Referal
Assess immediate safety
Explore options and offer support
Refer to services at woman’s request or ask permission to refer to another resource person.
Document
Educate on the serious health effects of the abuse