Reducing the risks of CVD Flashcards
how can people reduce the risk of developing CVD
stop smoking
maintain low blood cholesterol
maintain normal BMI
regular physical exercise
little alcohol intake
bp of 140/ 85 or below
what does angiotensin II do
regulates blood pressure by narrowing blood vessels
vasoconstriction
how do ACE inhibitors lower bp
lowers blood pressure
stop angiotensin II being produced
reduces vasoconstriction
lowering blood pressure
what are the side affects of ACE inhibitors
dizziness
reduction in kidney function
dry cough
how do calcium channel blockers lower bp
block calcium channels in muscle cells in artery lining
stops muscle contracting (vasoconstriction)
reducing blood pressure
what are the side affects of calcium channel blockers
dizziness, headaches, swollen ankles, abnormal heart rhythms
what are beta blockers and how do they lower bp
block adrenaline
reduce contraction (vasoconstriction) of smooth muscle in vessel walls
lowers blood pressure
how do diuretics lower bp
increase urine volume in kidneys
get rid of excess body fluid + salt
decreases blood plasma volume + cardiac output
reducing bp
what are the side affects of diuretics
dizziness nausea, muscle cramps
how do statins reduce blood cholesterol
inhibit enzyme that produces LDL cholesterol by liver
lowers LDL content in blood
what are the side affects of statins
muscle inflammation, nausea, muscle weakness
what are the two types of blood clotting drugs
platelet inhibitory drugs
anticoagulant drugs
what drug is aspirin and how does it reduce blood clotting
platelet inhibitor
reduces stickiness of platelets so they cant stick to artery wall
what are the side affects of aspirin and clopidogrel
excessive bleeding
what drug is warfarin and how does it reduce blood clotting
anticoagulant
prevents blood clotting cascade occurring
stops vitamin k production
