Heart and cardiac cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the walls of the heart made of?

A

cardiac muscle

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2
Q

what is the purpose of having a heart

A

generate pressure to pump blood around body
overcome limitations of diffusion
for fast delivery of oxygen to cells

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3
Q

what is the function of coronary arteries and veins

A

coronary arteries carries deoxygenated blood into the vena cava
coronary veins carry oxygenated blood and glucose to the cardiac muscle for respiration

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4
Q

what is the order of the cardiac cycle

A

vena cava, right atrium, atrioventricular valve, right ventricle, semilunar valve, pulmonary arteries, LUNGS, pulmonary veins, left atrium, atrioventricular valve, left ventricle, semilunar valve, aorta.

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5
Q

when is the atrioventricular valve open and closed

A

open during atrial diastole (filling of the atria) to allow ventricles to fill up

stay open during atrial contraction so blood can flow from atria to ventricles

closed during ventricular systole to prevent backflow of blood into atria

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6
Q

what is the function of the valves in the heart

A

prevent backflow of blood

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7
Q

When are the semilunar valves open and closed

A

open during ventricular systole (ventricles - aorta + pulmonary artery)

closed during ventricular diastole to prevent backflow into ventricles

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8
Q

why is the left side of the heart bigger

A

contains more muscle
blood needs to pump a further distance
blood pressure is higher
right side only has to pump blood to the lungs

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9
Q

why are the left and right sides of the heart separated

A

oxygenated + deoxygenated blood do not mix
separated by a septum
blood can be umped at different pressures

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10
Q

what happens during diastole (relaxation)

A

atria and ventricles are relaxed
semilunar valves are closed
atrioventricular valves are open
blood moves from vena cava to the left atrium (some blood trickles into ventricles)

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11
Q

what happens during atrial systole

A

atria contract
atrioventricular valves are open
semilunar valves are closed
blood moves from atria to ventricles

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12
Q

what happens during ventricular systole

A

ventricles contract
atrioventricular valves are closed
semilunar valves are open
blood moves from ventricles to pulmonary artery/ aorta

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