Lipids and triglycerides Flashcards
what is a lipid
organic fats and oils
stored as energy in plants and animals
are lipids soluble in water and if so why
lipids are insoluble
non polar
hydrophobic
what are triglycerides made of
one molecule of glycerol
three molecules of fatty acid
what is the structure of glycerol
C3 H8 03
has three hydroxyl groups
what is the structure of a fatty acid
long hydrocarbon chain
has a carboxyl group at the end of it (COOH)
can be saturated or unsaturated
how is a triglyceride formed (reactions, bonds between things ect)
condensation reaction happens between H on glycerol and OH on fatty acid creates H2O
ester bond formed (COO) esterification
happens 3x for each fatty acid connecting to glycerol molecule
glycerol + 3 fatty acids —- triglyceride + 3 H2O
process of breaking a triglyceride
lipase enzyme break ester bonds
releases glycerol and 3 fatty acids
needs 3 molecules of water
hydrolysis reaction
what are the properties of a triglyceride
non polar molecules
hydrophobic
insoluble in water
a lot of energy is released from triglycerides because of carbon + hydrogen bonds
what is the structure of a saturated fatty acid
long and straight hydrocarbon chain
only c-c carbon bonds
closely packed chains
insoluble in water
solid at room temperature
what is the structure of a monounsaturated fatty acid
have one c=c double covalent bond
still contains c-c bonds
liquid at room temperature
kink in chain means its less compact
insoluble in water
what is the structure of a polyunsaturated fatty acid
many c=c double bonds
still contain c-c bonds
liquid at room temperature
many kinks in its chain meaning its not compact
