Blood pressure

Question 1

what does blood pressure measure

Answer 1

hydrostatic force of blood against vessel walls

Question 2

what is peripheral resistance

Answer 2

contact between blood and blood vessels which causes friction (slows blood flow)

Question 3

when is blood pressure highest in an artery

Answer 3

ventricular systole (systolic pressure)

Question 4

when is blood pressure lowest in an artery

Answer 4

cardiac diastole (diastolic pressure)

Question 5

order of blood flow from arteries to veins
and why does this happen

Answer 5

artery
arterioles
capillaries
venules
veins
peripheral resistance increases as you go down
further away from heart
lumen gets wider

Question 6

what is oedema

Answer 6

swelling caused by excess fluid in body tissue

Question 7

what happens inside of the capillaries

Answer 7

1. left hand side pushes oxygenated blood at high pressure artery- arterioles-
   capillary bed
2. capillary bed contains pours (fluid is pushed out)
3. outward push called hydrostatic pressure
4. red + white blood cells pushed out , protein remains / too big to fit through pours
5. proteins have negative charge, attracting water to it (oncotic pressure- inward pull)
6. some fluid remains between cells + interstitial area
7. fluid dragged into lymphatic system and returned back
   check book for diagram

Question 8

how is oedema formed

Answer 8

increased hydrostatic pressure (outward push) from left side of heart working too hard
right side of the heart not working hard enough (backs up vein)
deep vein thrombosis (clot)
decrease in oncotic pressure (inward pull)
increased size of capillary pours means proteins leak out so less polar attraction for fluid to be returned.

Question 9

what are the healthy blood pressure ranges

Answer 9

systolic 100- 140 mmHg (heart pressure contracted)
diastolic 60- 90 mmHg (heart presure relaxed)