Recombinant Proteins 1 Flashcards
What does insulin in blood bind to to form?
Zinc and forms hexamer
What is Gaucher’s disease and how is it overcome?
Congenital disorder of lipid metabolism deficiency in beta glucocerebroaidase enzyme
Treatable by infusion of enzyme attracted from human placenta, recombinant protein arginine 495 changed to histidine so addition of mannose sugar so enhance uptake in macrophages
Define recombinant DNA
DNA molecules generated by lab methods
Fragments of DNA recombined to generate synthetic molecule
DNA from different species can be recombined
How do host/vector systems play a role in recombinant proteins?
DNA of interest inserted into plasmid or viral vector
Vector introduced into host cell/ organism
Vector contains gene promoter function to host
Define recombinant protein
Proteins generated from recombinant DNA vectors
What is a transgene?
Recombinant DNA introduced to the genome of another organism
What is genetic engineering and GMO?
Alteration of DNA sequences to change gene function or expression to combine DNA sequences from different organisms
Genetically modified organism
Where does transcription site start and end?
Start - promoter
Stop - terminator
What are introns?
Protein coding part
What are restriction enzymes?
Bacterial endonucleases cleave specific DNA sequences often recognise palindromic sequences and co evolve with modification system which methylated target sequence
What two things can restriction enzymes generate?
Blunt end
Cohesive end
Is blunt end ligation sequence specific?
No
What are the 8 reasons to use recombinant proteins?
1) proteins perform complex and specific functions which chemical drugs can’t
2) can produce human proteins from non human sources
3) cost effective and limitless supply
4) improve stability, yield and ADME properties
5) immune rejection reduction
6) religious reasons
7) pathogen contamination
8) rapid clinical development and regulatory approval
