ADME 1&2 Flashcards
Define pharmockinetics and dynamics
Kinetics: what the body does to the drug
Dynamics: what the drug does to the body
Give examples of some pharmacokinetic parameters
F Vd Clearance Half life Protein binding of drugs
What is continuous IV infusion an example of, what is Cmax and Cmin in respect to maxima and minima, give IV infusion and oral dosing rate equations?
Repeated dose
Maxima - Cmax
IV infusion rate = CL x Css (same for oral)
What can cause pharmacokinetic variability?
Patient compliance Age Physiology Disease Drug drug interactions Genetic influences Environmental influences
What are HPLC columns made from and what are they packed with?
Stainless steel
With highly porous particles
What detectors are used in HPLC and what are there limits?
UV visible absorbance (1pg) Fluorescence (1-10fg) Electrochemical (10-100fg) Refractive index (10-100ng) Light scattering ( 1-10ng) Mass spec ( 10-100fg)
What are the characteristics of a stationary phase in GC column?
Good solvent for the analyte
Must be non volatile and stable
How is LC with mass spec in high vacuum overcome?
By electrospray ionisation
What is ELISA and how does it work?
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
Abs fixed to solid surface
Same abs coupled to enzyme that produced coloured product
Tubes filled with Ag solution, they bond to the immobilised Ab molecules
Ab enzyme conjugate added creating Ab-Ag-Ab sandwich
After washing away any unbound conjugate the substrate solution added
Conc of coloured product is measured
The intensity of the colour is proportional to the conc of bound antigen
What is TDM and its purpose?
Therapeutic drug monitoring
Confirm safe & effective drug concs Investigate therapeutic failure Check patient compliance Avoid or anticipate drug concs causing ADRs Asses inter patient variability
