Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > REB 22. Pelvis, Pelvic Diaphragm, Ovaries, Uterus + Vagina > Flashcards

REB 22. Pelvis, Pelvic Diaphragm, Ovaries, Uterus + Vagina Flashcards

1
Q

Name the important parts of the sacrum.

A
  • Sacral Canal
  • Sacral Hiatus
  • Anterior and Posterior Sacral Foramina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the part(s) of the Coccyx.

A
  • cornua

- transverse process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint? What may happen to this joint?

A
  • synovial joint

- it may fibrose or ossify

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 sacroiliac ligaments?

A

[1] Anterior Sacroiliac Ligament
[2] Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament
[3] Interosseus Sacroiliac Ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

A

Secondary Cartilaginous Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which ligaments prevent the uplifting (upwards tilting) of the sacrum?

A

[1] Sacrospinous Ligament

[2] Sacrotuberous Ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the false pelvis located?

A
  • superior to the pelvic brim/inlet

- considered a part of the abdominal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is the true pelvis located?

A
  • inferior to pelvic brim/inlet

- floor = pelvic diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is the pelvic diaphragm and the urogenital diaphragm the same thing?

A

No, they are not.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is inferior to the pelvic diaphragm?

A

perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the parts (and lines) of the Pelvic Inlet.

A

[1] Sacral Promontary + Ala
[2] Arcuate Line
[3] Pectineal Line
[4] Pubic Crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the parts (borders) of the Pelvic Outlet?

A

[1] Ischiopubic Ramus
[2] Ischial Tuberosity
[3] Sacrotuberous Ligament
[4] Coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the diameter associated with the Pelvic Outlet? How do you find it?

A
  • Interspinous Diameter

- the distance between the ischial spines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the diameters associated with the Pelvic Inlet?

A

[1] Conjugate Diameter
- from pubic symphysis to sacral promontary

[2] Transverse Diameter
- widest part of brim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

List the differences betwen the female and male pelvis.

A

FEMALE:

  • Circular pelvic inlet
  • Roman pubic arch (80 to 85 degrees)
  • Straight ischial spines
  • ilial ala flare outwards

MALE:

  • Heart-Shaped pelvic inlets
  • gothic pubic arches (50 to 60 degrees)
  • ischial spines project medially

*side note: sacral, coccyx + acetabular differences!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What muscle makes up the obturator canal? What runs through the obturator anal?

A
  • obturator internus muscle

- obturator nerves and vessels runs through the canal

17
Q

What nerve innervates the Levator Ani muscle?

A

Pudendal Nerve

- S2,3,4 keeps your bottom off the floor

18
Q

At what vertebral level does the Common Iliac bifurcate? Which structural level is this at?

A
  • bifurcates at L4

- in front of the sacroiliac joint

19
Q

What is the median umbilical ligament a remnant of?

A

embryonic allantois

20
Q

What is the trigone of the bladder? What is its function?

A
  • is a smooth triangular region of the internal urinary bladder formed by the two ureteric orifices and the internal urethral orifice
  • area is very sensitive to expansion and once stretched to a certain degree, the urinary bladder signals the brain of its need to empty
21
Q

What cell type is the bladder mainly made up of?

A

Transitional Epithelium

  • they can undergo a change in their shape and structure
  • e.g. urine filling up the bladder
22
Q

What is the name of the peritoneum that is reflected over the uterus (laterally)?

A

Broad Ligament

23
Q

What are the pouches around the uterus? [2]

A

[1] Rectouterine Pouch
- Pouch of Douglas

[2] Uterovesical Pouch

24
Q

What is a Nulliparous Uterus?

A

the name of the uterus of a woman who has never given birth before
- “flattened pear”

25
Q

What are the different parts of the uterus?

A

[1] Fundus
- above the entrance of the uterine tubes

[2] Body

[3] Cervix

26
Q

What is the innervation of the uterus and the vagina?

A

Uterus:

  • has autonomic innervation
  • little pain receptors
  • doesn’t like to stretch

Vagina:

  • has somatic innervation
  • pudendal nerve
27
Q

What is the internal and external os?

A

Internal Os:
- opening into the uterus

External Os:
- opening into the vagina

28
Q

What are the Vaginal Fornices?

A

projection of the cervix into the vaginal canal

29
Q

What are the layers of the uterine wall? (from outside in)

A

[1] Serosa (Peritoneum)
[2] Myometrium (Smooth Muscle)
[3] Endometrium (Columnar)

30
Q

What cell type is the vagina made up of?

A

Squamous Epithelium

- “wear and tear”

31
Q

Where is the squamocolumnar junction located?

A

between the vagina and uterus at the EXTERNAL OS

  • vagina = squamous epithelium
  • uterus = columnar epithelium
32
Q

What are the 3 “types” of vaginal fornices?

A 
[1] Anterior Fornix
[2] Posterior Fornix
[3] Lateral Fornices (2) 
-- ischial spine
-- uterine artery + ureter
33
Q

Where is the posterior fornix located in relation to an important structure?

A
  • location is related to the pouch of Douglas
34
Q

What is anteflexion? What is the approximate numerical value?

A
  • angle between cervix and the body of the uterus

- approx. 170 degrees

35
Q

What is anteversion? What is the approximate numerical value?

A
  • angle between cervix and vagina
  • approx. 90 degrees

side note: 20% of females retroverted

36
Q

What structures/muscles support the uterus so that it does not collapse?

A

[1] Pelvic Diaphragm
- levator ani
[2] Perineal Body

37
Q

What are the ligaments that the Pelvic Fascia forms?

A 
[1] Lateral Ligaments
- transverse ligaments
- cardinal ligaments
- Mackenrodt's ligaments 
[2] Uterosacral Ligaments
[3] Pubocervical Ligaments
38
Q

What is the round ligament of the uterus a remnant of? What is its function?

A
  • a remnant of the gubernaculum
  • it pulls the ovaries
  • NOT important for support!!
39
Q

What are the parts of the fallopian (uterine) tubes and ovaries?

A
  • 10 cm long
  • proximal 1 cm lies within uterine wall

[1] Isthmus
- narrowest part of tube
[2] Ampulla

[3] Infundibulum

  • “trumpet”-shaped
  • multiple fimbriae

[4] Fallopian Tube (continued)

  • outer longitudinal muscle
  • inner circular muscle
  • columnar epithelium
  • – ciliated + non-ciliated

[5] Ovary

  • ligament of the ovary
  • ovarian fossa
  • – angle between internal + external iliac vessels
  • – obturator nerve

Anatomy (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions