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Anatomy > NSB 11. Scalp, Face, Parotid, VII > Flashcards

NSB 11. Scalp, Face, Parotid, VII Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the scalp from outside to in?

A 
[1] Skin
[2] Dense Connective Tissue
[3] Aponeurotic Layer
[4] Loose Connective Tissue
[5] Periosteum (Pericranium)
[6] Bone
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2
Q

What is the occipitofrontalis?

A
  • a muscle that covers a part of the skull

- there are 2 bellies: frontalis and occipitalis

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3
Q

What are the 2 different types of haematomas?

A

[1] Sub-Periosteal Haematoma

[2] Sub-Galeal Haematoma

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4
Q

What is a sub-periosteal haematoma?

A
  • bleeding occurs underneath the periosteum, but the bleeding is contained
  • may be due to vacuum suctioning of the baby during labour
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5
Q

What is a sub-galeal haematoma?

A
  • bleeding under the periosteum that is NOT as well contained
  • this leads to blood pooling around the eyes (raccoon eyes)
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6
Q

What is the blood supply of the to the scalp?

A 
[1] Superficial Temporal 
[2] Posterior Auricular
[3] Occipital
[4] Opthalmic 
-- Supratrochlear 
-- Supraorbital
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7
Q

What is the venous drainage of the scalp?

A

[1] Posterior Auricular Vein
[2] Occipital Vein
[3] Supratrochlear Vein
[4] Supraorbital Vein

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8
Q

What are the 3 salivary glands?

A

[1] Sublingual
[2] Submandibular
[3] Parotid

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9
Q

Where is the parotid gland located?

A
  • parotid gland is an exocrine gland
  • lies lateral to the masseter muscle
  • masseter muscle is a muscle that aids in chewing (mastication)
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10
Q

What is the parotid duct? Where is it located?

A
  • parotid duct runs over the masseter muscle into the last molar tooth
  • the parotid duct secretes saliva into the mouth
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11
Q

What does the parotid gland secrete?

A
  • it secretes alpha-amylase to break down STARCH

- has serous, watery secretions

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12
Q

When does the parotid gland develop?

A

develops in the 6th week of development

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13
Q

What is a common type of benign tumour of parotid glands?

A

pleomorphic adenoma

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14
Q

What is parotitis and what may cause it?

A

Parotitis: inflammation of the parotid gland
- most common cause: mumps
(caused be mumps virus)

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15
Q

Where does the facial nerve leave the skull?

A

stylomastoid foramen

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16
Q

What runs over the parotid gland?

A

the Facial Nerve runs over the parotid gland

17
Q

What are the branches of the facial nerve?

A 
[1] Temporal 
[2] Zygomatic
[3] Buccal
[4] Marginal Mandibular
[5] Cervical
18
Q

What does the temporal branch of the facial nerve supply?

A

frontalis muscle

19
Q

What does the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve supply?

A

orbicularis oculi

20
Q

What does the buccal branch of the facial nerve supply?

A

buccinator muscle

21
Q

What does the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve supply?

A

orbicularis oris

22
Q

What does the cervical branch of the facial nerve supply?

A

platsyma muscle

23
Q

How do you test the temporal branch of the facial nerve?

A

raise eyebrows

24
Q

How do you test the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve?

A

close eyes

25
Q

How do you test the buccal branch of the facial nerve?

A

puff cheeks up

26
Q

What are the 2 types of palsy?

A

[1] Facial Palsy

[2] Bell’s Palsy

27
Q

What is facial palsy?

A
  • paralysis of facial nerve
  • difficulty with eye closure
  • eye might be sore and watering
  • food lodges on inside of cheek
  • drooling
  • assymetric expression
  • “Bookies Mouth” – dropping down of mouth due to weight of facial muscles and damaged nerves
28
Q

What is Bell’s palsy?

A
  • idiopathic (unknown cause) of facial palsy
  • might be viral in origin
  • can given them steroid antivirals
29
Q

What are the lymph nodes of the neck and head?

A 
[1] Submental Nodes
[2] Submandibular Nodes
[3] Deep Cervical Nodes
[4] Superficial Cervical Nodes
[5] Jugulodigastric Node
[6] Preauricular/Parotid Nodes
[7] Mastoid Nodes
[8] Occipital Nodes

Anatomy (16 decks)

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