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Pediatrics > RDS In Neonate > Flashcards

RDS In Neonate Flashcards

1
Q

What are the signs of respiratory distress?

A

(Tachypnea + cyanosis)

Grunting, Nasal flaring, Chest retraction

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2
Q

What is the test that is most accurate and fast to differentiate cardiac vs respiratory causes of cyanosis

A

Hyperoxia test of oxygen more than 150 is respiratory cause

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3
Q

Othe differentiating factor for respiratory causes of cyanosis

A 
History of: preterm, maternal fever, CS,
Exam of: crackles, rhonchi, retraction, temp
CXR: abnormal chest parynchema 
ECG: normal 
ABG: PCO2 increased
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4
Q

In which group of population isi transient tachypnea of the newborn is more common?

A

Respiratory distress type 2 is common in term, preterm and CS

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5
Q

What are the positive findings of TTN?

A

Wet lung and tachypnea

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6
Q

How is the outcome of TTN?

A

Starts 2hrs post delivery and resolves within 24hours

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7
Q

How to treat TTN?

A

Supportive and could give CPAP but no need for medics

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8
Q

What are the most important signs in tachypnea of the newborn?

A
  • increased lung volume
  • fluids filling the transverse fissures

Less:

  • pulmonary congestion
  • perihilar streaking
  • cardiac boarder not clear
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9
Q

In a diabetic mother, which type of RDS is common to occur

A

RDS type 1

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10
Q

In CS mother, which type of RDS might occur

A

TTN

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11
Q

What is the cause of RDS 1

A

Surfactant deficency

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12
Q

How to manage RDS 1

A

CPAP\ventilaition and then surfactant

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13
Q

Differentiate between lung volume in RDS 1 and 2, and pneumonia

A

1: decreased lung volume
2: increased lung volume
3: normal lung volume

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14
Q

What are the x-ray findings of RDS1

A

1- ground glass appearance
2- air bronchogram
3- deecreased lung volume
4-bell shape (no pleural effusion)

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15
Q

In which parynchymal lung disease do we see the cardiac shadow very clear

A

Meconium aspiration

Pneumonia

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16
Q

What is the X-ray findings in meconium aspiration?

A
  • Lung over inflation
  • patchy density cloud like
  • cardiac shadow
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17
Q

How to treat meconium aspiration?

A

Decrease lung pressure and NO

18
Q

Mechonium aspiration is common in which age?

19
Q

What are the pathogens that cause early pneumoina?

A 
Step pneumonia 
HEmophillus 
GABHS
Ecoli 
Klebsiell & chlymedia
20
Q

What is early and late pneumon9oa

A

Early is less than 7 days

Late is more

21
Q

In which group of population do we expect pneumonia to cause RDS

A

Preterm, PROM, maternal fever, term

22
Q

How to treat pneumonia in neonate

A

1- AB
2- Vasopressor (dopamine or dobutamine)
3- O2 therapy & ventilator

23
Q

What are the x-ray finding of pneumonia?

A

1- pleural effusion
2- see the heart
3- air bronchogrm’
4- granular appearance

24
Q

What is the most common CDH??

A

Left side bochdaleck hernia

25
Q

What do you expect to see in CDH Examination of neonate?

A

Scaphoid abdomen and dsiplaced heart sound

26
Q

What is the immidiate thing to do in CDH?

A

Intubate the child

27
Q

What do you expect to see in CDH?

A

Bowel in thorax, mediastinal shift and decrease lung volume (lung hypoplasia)

28
Q

Differentiate between lobar emphysema and pneumonthorax

A

We can’t see demarcation line

29
Q

What is the most common lobe affected in lobar emphysema

A

Left upper lobe

30
Q

What are the x-ray finidngs of CCAM?

A

Whole lobe is dilated, mediastinal shift, and we can’t see demarcated line

31
Q

How to treat CDH?

A

Intubate, ventilate, NGT

32
Q

What is the common site for conginital cystic adenomatoid malfromation

A

Right sided

33
Q

What is the outcome of CCAM?

A

100% survival after surgery except in hydrops fetalis

34
Q

What are the x-ray finidng of CcAM?

A

Unilateral lobe or cyst in right side - bronchioles are dilated

35
Q

What is the typical presentation of pulmonary sequstration?

A

Recurrent infection

36
Q

What is pulmonary sequestration?

A

Abnormal lung tissue with no connection with tracheobronchial tree nor pulmonary circulation

37
Q

What are the finidngs in pulmonary sequestration?

A
  • triangular opacity and rarely bronchogram
38
Q

What is the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary sequestration

39
Q

What is the test that comomnly done to patients suspected to have pneumothorax? (Done instead of CXR)

A

Translumination

40
Q

Who’s at high risk of developing pneumonthorax?

A

Infant with

RDS, MAS, ventialation, intubation

41
Q

What is the thing that you’ll notice during exam of pneumonthoax?

A

Displaced apex beat

42
Q

X-ray finding of pneumothorax?

A

Air over diaphragm. Mediatinal shift, and outline of the affected lung

Pediatrics (41 decks)

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