Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > Nutritional Anemia > Flashcards

Nutritional Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

Diff between iron depletion, defient erythropoesis, deficency anemia:

A
  • Depletion: from stores only
  • Erythropoesis: low seum iron decrease and TIBC increase, no change in Hb
  • IDA: Hb low hypochromic microcytic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is iron absorption enhanced by?

A
  • breast milk

- asorbic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is iron absorption decreased with?

A
  • cow milk
  • tea (green tea or red tea)
  • phytate & phosphate
  • egg yolk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Most common site for iron storage is:

A

RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the role of hepicidin

A

(Binding with ferroportein)

  • inhibits intestinal absorption of iron
  • inhibits iron release from (liver - macrophage)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the causes of iron def anemia:

A
  • decrease intake (most comon)
  • increase loss\blood loss
  • increase demand
  • decrease functional availibity (IRIDA)
  • decrease absorption
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the mutation in the IRIDA (iron refractory iron deficiency anemia)

A

TMPRSS6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the physiological adapation of anemia?

A
  • shift to the right (decrease o2 affinity)
  • increased HR\SV
  • vasodilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the CBC findings in IDA?

A

Low Hb, Hct, MCV,

High RDw High platelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the findings of iron profile in IDA?

A
  • low serum iron
  • low ferritin
  • high TIBC
  • high transferrin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which parameter in IDA not affected by acute inflammation that could be accurate?

A

Transferrin

Best to use it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the best diagnostic study of IDA?

A

Rsolution of anemia following a trial of Iron supplement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the findings of the blood profile in Folate and b12 (similaritis)

A
  • neutrophils: low & hyper-segmented

- platelet: low (mild)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where’s the absorption of B12 and folate

A
  • b12: terminal ileum

- folate: duodenum and upper small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What increasees if there’s reduced B12 in contrast to folate

A
  • methylmalonic acid - homocystine

- homocystine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

why is homoscystine elevated in both b12 and folate

A

To convert homocystine to methionine

We need to convert methyl tetra hydrofolate “diatery” to tretrohydrofolate (Which can only be done with B12)

17
Q

What are the findiings of transcoblamin def?

A

Normal vitamin B12 levels in the blood

With signs of b12 anemia (b12 can’t enter the cells\BM)

18
Q

What are the causes of vitamin B12 def?

A
  • decreased intake
  • decreased absorption
  • malabsorption (despite IF)
  • increased utilization
  • transcoblamin def.
19
Q

What causes reduced intake of b12

A

Vegan\breast fed vegans

20
Q

What is juvenile pernisous anemia

A

Abscence of IF

21
Q

What causes Malabsorption despite normal intrinsic factor

A
  • resection of ileus
  • IBD
  • imerslund-grasbeck syndrome (receptor in terminal ileum)
22
Q

What infection could cause increased utilization of intestinal Vitamin b12

A

Fish tapeworm

23
Q

What are the causes of folate def

A

1- decreased intake
2- malabsorption
3- increased demand
4- medics

24
Q

Name an examaple of decrease intake of folate in pedia

A

Malnutrition, prematurity, goat milk

25
Q

Name medics that causes folate def?

A

Anti-epiliptic\ OCP

26
Q

What increases requirment for folate in pediatric

A

Pregnancy, hemolytic anemia

27
Q

What are the neurological findings seen in vitamin B12?

A 
(Degeneration of posterior column) 
1- proprioception 
2- ataxia
3- psychomotor retardation 
4- seizure
5- depression\psychosis 
6- fine motor
28
Q

What are clinical presentation of megaloblastic anemia

A
  • jaundice
  • thrombocytopenia; bruising
  • smooth tongue
29
Q

If there’s decreased folate or b12, what importatn other lab should be taken (general)

A

Methylmalonoic acid and homocystine levels

30
Q

What is the specific test for pernicous anemia

A

Autoantibodies against internsic factor

31
Q

What is sensitive for detecting pernicous anemia?

A

Autoantibodies against gastric parietal cells

32
Q

How to treat vitamin B12?

A
  • IM vitamin B12 (daily then monthly)

Notes:

  • prophylaxis if postgastrectomy
  • increase dose in transcoblamin 2
33
Q

How to treat folic acid

A

Folic acid 1-5mg\d

34
Q

Where is iron absorbrd

A

Duodedenum

35
Q

What other things (other than celiac and IBD) affect absorption of iron in duodenum

A

Intake of antacid therapy

36
Q

What cause increased demand for iron?

A

Growth (LBW, premature, twin, mutliple births) - cyanotic conginital heart diseease

37
Q

What is the most severe type of IDA

A

IDA caused by blood loss

Pediatrics (41 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions