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Medsci142 > Rat Lab > Flashcards

Rat Lab Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Body Cavities?

A

The thoracic and abdominal cavities

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2
Q

What are the Serous Cavities?

A

The Peritoneal Cavity, Pericardial Cavity and Pleural Cavities (x2)

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3
Q

What is the Outermost Layer of a Serous Membrane?

A

The parietal peritoneum/pericardium etc.

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4
Q

What is the Innermost Layer of a Serous Membrane?

A

The visceral peritoneum/pericardium etc.

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5
Q

What is Inside the Thoracic Cavitiy?

A

Mainly the Lungs and Heart

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6
Q

What is Inside the Abdominal Cavity?

A

The majority of the digestive and renal organs

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7
Q

What is Inside the Pleural, Pericardial and Peritoneal Cavities?

A

Serous fluid

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8
Q

What is the Double Layer Of Peritoneum that Suspends Organs in place within the Thoracic Cavity?

A

The mesentery

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9
Q

What is the Normal Texture and Colour of the Rat’s Lungs?

A

Spongy and bright pink

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10
Q

What Gland sits above the Base of the Heart?

A

The thymus

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11
Q

The Thymus plays a role in the Formation of what?

A

T-lymphocytes

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12
Q

What are the 3 Tubular Portions of a Rat’s Digestive System?

A

The oesophagus, small intestine and large intestine

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13
Q

What are the 2 Sacs in a Rat’s Digestive System?

A

The stomach and the caecum

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14
Q

Does the Oesophagus lie Dorsal or Ventral to the Trachea?

A

Dorsal

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15
Q

What is the Thickness of the Anterior and Lateral portion of a Rat’s Stomach Wall? What is its Transparency?

A

Thin and translucent

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16
Q

What is the Purpose of the Thin and Translucent region of a Rat’s Stomach?

A

Food storage

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17
Q

Does the Human Stomach have the Thin and Translucent section similar to that of a Rat Stomach?

A

No

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18
Q

What is the Medial and Posterior section of the Rat’s Stomach called?

A

The pyloric region

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19
Q

What is the Transparency of the Pyloric Region?

A

Opaque

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20
Q

Is the Thin and Translucent region of a Rat’s Stomach Glandular?

A

No

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21
Q

Is the Pyloric Region Glandular?

A

Yes

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22
Q

The Glands within the Pyloric Region are ___ Glands

A

The Glands within the Pyloric Region are Simple Tubular Glands

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23
Q

What do the Glands within the Pyloric Region Release?

A

Digestive enzymes and acid

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24
Q

The Collar of Smooth Muscle at the Outlet of the Stomach is called the ___

A

The Collar of Smooth Muscle at the Outlet of the Stomach is called the Pyloric Sphincter

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25
Q

The Pyloric Sphincter controls the flow of ___ into the Small Intestine

A

The Pyloric Sphincter controls the flow of Chyme (stomach contents) into the Small Intestine

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26
Q

What is the Function of the Small Intestine?

A

To absorb small molecules resulting from digestion in the stomach

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27
Q

What are the Names of the 3 Regions of the Small Intestine in order of them leaving the Stomach?

A
  1. Duodenum
  2. Jejunum
  3. Ileum
28
Q

Which Blood Vessels drain blood from the Small Intestine? What Organ do they lead to?

A

Tributaries of the hepatic portal vein leading to the Liver

29
Q

How much Oxygen and Nutrients does blood Leaving the Small Intestine have?

A

The blood is deoxgyenated and nutrient-rich

30
Q

Where does the Pancreas secrete its Alkaline Digestive Juice into?

A

Into the pancreatic duct, which leads to the common duct and into the Duodenum

31
Q

What does the Pancreas secrete into the Common Duct/Duodenum?

A

An alkaline digestive juice containing enzymes (lipases, amylases and proteases)

32
Q

What does the Pancreas secrete into the Bloodstream?

A

Hormones (e.g. insulin)

33
Q

Where is the Pancreas located?

A

Along the greater curvature of the stomach

34
Q

What is the Appearance of the Pancreas?

A

A collection of pink, grain-like loblues, similar in appearance to fat deposits except pink

35
Q

What is the Largest Gland in the Body?

A

The liver

36
Q

Where is my will to live?

A

Non-existent

37
Q

What Liver Byproduct aids in Digestion?

A

Bile

38
Q

What do Bile Salts aid?

A

Digestion and absorption of fats and vitamins

39
Q

What is the Purpose of the Gall Bladder?

A

To store bile

40
Q

Do Humans have a Gall Bladder?

A

Yes

41
Q

Do Rats have a Gall Bladder?

A

No

42
Q

Where does the Rat’s Liver secrete Bile into?

A

Into the hepatic duct, leading to the common duct and into the duodenum

43
Q

How many Lobes does the Liver have?

A

Four

44
Q

What Colour is the Liver? What is its Texture?

A

Dark red, Soft and jelly-like

45
Q

What does the Dark Red Colour of the Liver indicate?

A

It indicates its rich blood supply

46
Q

What are the Two Sources of Blood which supply the Liver?

A

The hepatic portal vein (from the small intestine) and the hepatic artery (from the heart via the coeliac artery)

47
Q

Is the Spleen part of the Digestive System?

A

No

48
Q

Is the Spleen part of the Lymphatic System?

A

Yes

49
Q

What is the Function of the Spleen?

A

To recycle proteins and remove dead red blood cells from the bloodstream

50
Q

Where is the Spleen? What is it’s Shape and Colour?

A

Dark red and Leaf shaped underneath the stomach’s greater curvature

51
Q

What are the Four Regions of the Large Intestine?

A
  1. Caecum
  2. Colon
  3. Rectum
  4. Anus
52
Q

What is the Purpose of the Large Intestine?

A

The reabsorption of water and the formation of faeces from undigested chyme

53
Q

What is the Appearance of the Caecum?

A

A flabby, thin walled bag

54
Q

What occurs in the Caecum?

A

Bacteria act on the slow moving chyme

55
Q

Do Humans have a Caecum?

A

Yes, it terminates in a vermiform (worm-like) appendix containing lymphoid tissue

56
Q

Do Rats have a True Vermiform Appendix on their Caecum?

A

No

57
Q

What Molecule is Broken Down in a Rat’s Caecum?

A

Cellulose

58
Q

What are the 3 Parts of a Rat’s Colon?

A

The ascending, transverse and descending

59
Q

What is the Purpose of the Colon?

A

To dehydrate faeces and absorb water

60
Q

What is the Rectum?

A

A short passage between the colon and the anus

61
Q

What is the Anus?

A

A sphincter under partial voluntary control through which faeces are expelled

62
Q

Are the Kidneys suspened by the Mesentery?

A

No, they lie behind the peritoneal cavity (retroperitoneal)

63
Q

What is the Colour of the Kidneys? What does this Indicate?

A

Dark red, indicating its rich blood supply

64
Q

Where do the Renal Artery, Vein and Ureter access the Kidney?

A

The depression on the kidney’s medial surface

65
Q

What is the Function of the Kidneys?

A

To filter blood

66
Q

What is the Flap that Blocks Food from entering the Trachea?

A

The epiglottis

Medsci142 (11 decks)

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