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Rat Lab Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Body Cavities?

A

The thoracic and abdominal cavities

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2
Q

What are the Serous Cavities?

A

The Peritoneal Cavity, Pericardial Cavity and Pleural Cavities (x2)

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3
Q

What is the Outermost Layer of a Serous Membrane?

A

The parietal peritoneum/pericardium etc.

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4
Q

What is the Innermost Layer of a Serous Membrane?

A

The visceral peritoneum/pericardium etc.

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5
Q

What is Inside the Thoracic Cavitiy?

A

Mainly the Lungs and Heart

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6
Q

What is Inside the Abdominal Cavity?

A

The majority of the digestive and renal organs

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7
Q

What is Inside the Pleural, Pericardial and Peritoneal Cavities?

A

Serous fluid

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8
Q

What is the Double Layer Of Peritoneum that Suspends Organs in place within the Thoracic Cavity?

A

The mesentery

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9
Q

What is the Normal Texture and Colour of the Rat’s Lungs?

A

Spongy and bright pink

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10
Q

What Gland sits above the Base of the Heart?

A

The thymus

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11
Q

The Thymus plays a role in the Formation of what?

A

T-lymphocytes

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12
Q

What are the 3 Tubular Portions of a Rat’s Digestive System?

A

The oesophagus, small intestine and large intestine

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13
Q

What are the 2 Sacs in a Rat’s Digestive System?

A

The stomach and the caecum

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14
Q

Does the Oesophagus lie Dorsal or Ventral to the Trachea?

A

Dorsal

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15
Q

What is the Thickness of the Anterior and Lateral portion of a Rat’s Stomach Wall? What is its Transparency?

A

Thin and translucent

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16
Q

What is the Purpose of the Thin and Translucent region of a Rat’s Stomach?

A

Food storage

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17
Q

Does the Human Stomach have the Thin and Translucent section similar to that of a Rat Stomach?

A

No

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18
Q

What is the Medial and Posterior section of the Rat’s Stomach called?

A

The pyloric region

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19
Q

What is the Transparency of the Pyloric Region?

A

Opaque

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20
Q

Is the Thin and Translucent region of a Rat’s Stomach Glandular?

A

No

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21
Q

Is the Pyloric Region Glandular?

A

Yes

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22
Q

The Glands within the Pyloric Region are ___ Glands

A

The Glands within the Pyloric Region are Simple Tubular Glands

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23
Q

What do the Glands within the Pyloric Region Release?

A

Digestive enzymes and acid

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24
Q

The Collar of Smooth Muscle at the Outlet of the Stomach is called the ___

A

The Collar of Smooth Muscle at the Outlet of the Stomach is called the Pyloric Sphincter

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25
The **Pyloric Sphincter** controls the flow of ___ into the **Small Intestine**
The **Pyloric Sphincter** controls the flow of **Chyme** (stomach contents) into the **Small Intestine**
26
What is the **Function** of the **Small Intestine**?
To absorb small molecules resulting from digestion in the stomach
27
What are the **Names** of the **3 Regions** of the **Small Intestine** in order of them leaving the **Stomach**?
1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum 3. Ileum
28
Which **Blood Vessels** drain blood from the **Small Intestine**? What **Organ** do they lead to?
Tributaries of the hepatic portal vein leading to the Liver
29
How much **Oxygen** and **Nutrients** does blood **Leaving** the **Small Intestine** have?
The blood is deoxgyenated and nutrient-rich
30
Where does the **Pancreas** secrete its **Alkaline Digestive Juice** into?
Into the pancreatic duct, which leads to the common duct and into the Duodenum
31
What does the **Pancreas** secrete into the **Common Duct/Duodenum**?
An alkaline digestive juice containing enzymes (lipases, amylases and proteases)
32
What does the **Pancreas** secrete into the **Bloodstream**?
Hormones (e.g. insulin)
33
Where is the **Pancreas** located?
Along the greater curvature of the stomach
34
What is the **Appearance** of the **Pancreas**?
A collection of pink, grain-like loblues, similar in appearance to fat deposits except pink
35
What is the **Largest Gland** in the **Body**?
The liver
36
Where is my will to live?
Non-existent
37
What **Liver Byproduct** aids in **Digestion**?
Bile
38
What do **Bile Salts** aid?
Digestion and absorption of fats and vitamins
39
What is the **Purpose** of the **Gall Bladder**?
To store bile
40
Do **Humans** have a **Gall Bladder**?
Yes
41
Do **Rats** have a **Gall Bladder**?
No
42
Where does the **Rat's** **Liver** secrete **Bile** into?
Into the hepatic duct, leading to the common duct and into the duodenum
43
How many **Lobes** does the **Liver** have?
Four
44
What **Colour** is the **Liver**? What is its **Texture**?
Dark red, Soft and jelly-like
45
What does the **Dark** **Red Colour** of the **Liver** indicate?
It indicates its rich blood supply
46
What are the **Two Sources** of **Blood** which supply the **Liver**?
The hepatic portal vein (from the small intestine) and the hepatic artery (from the heart via the coeliac artery)
47
Is the **Spleen** part of the **Digestive System**?
No
48
Is the **Spleen** part of the **Lymphatic System**?
Yes
49
What is the **Function** of the **Spleen**?
To recycle proteins and remove dead red blood cells from the bloodstream
50
Where is the **Spleen**? What is it's **Shape** and **Colour**?
Dark red and Leaf shaped underneath the stomach's greater curvature
51
What are the **Four Regions** of the **Large Intestine**?
1. Caecum 2. Colon 3. Rectum 4. Anus
52
What is the **Purpose** of the **Large Intestine**?
The reabsorption of water and the formation of faeces from undigested chyme
53
What is the **Appearance** of the **Caecum**?
A flabby, thin walled bag
54
What occurs in the **Caecum**?
Bacteria act on the slow moving chyme
55
Do **Humans** have a **Caecum**?
Yes, it terminates in a vermiform (worm-like) appendix containing lymphoid tissue
56
Do **Rats** have a **True Vermiform Appendix** on their **Caecum**?
No
57
What **Molecule** is **Broken Down** in a **Rat's Caecum**?
Cellulose
58
What are the **3 Parts** of a **Rat's Colon**?
The ascending, transverse and descending
59
What is the **Purpose** of the **Colon**?
To dehydrate faeces and absorb water
60
What is the **Rectum**?
A short passage between the colon and the anus
61
What is the **Anus**?
A sphincter under partial voluntary control through which faeces are expelled
62
Are the **Kidneys** suspened by the **Mesentery**?
No, they lie behind the peritoneal cavity (retroperitoneal)
63
What is the **Colour** of the **Kidneys**? What does this **Indicate**?
Dark red, indicating its rich blood supply
64
Where do the **Renal Artery, Vein** and **Ureter** access the **Kidney**?
The depression on the kidney's medial surface
65
What is the **Function** of the **Kidneys**?
To filter blood
66
What is the **Flap** that **Blocks Food** from entering the **Trachea**?
The epiglottis

Medsci142 (11 decks)

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