Heart Structure

Question 1

Which two Veins input into the Right Atrium?

Answer 1

The Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

Question 2

What is the Peak Pressure inside the Right Atrium?

Answer 2

5mmHg

Question 3

Where does the Right Atrium Flow Into?

Answer 3

The right ventricle

Question 4

What is the Peak Pressure inside the Right Ventricle?

Answer 4

27mmHg

Question 5

Approximately How Thick are the Right Ventricular Walls?

Answer 5

4-5mm Thick

Question 6

Which Valve seperates the Right Atrium and the Right Ventricle?

Answer 6

The Tricuspid Valve

Question 7

What Structures Prevent the Bicuspid/Mitral and Tricuspid valves from Inverting into their Atriums?

Answer 7

The Chordae Tendineae and Papillary Muscles

Question 8

Where does the Right Ventricle Flow Into?

Answer 8

The Pulmonary Trunk

Question 9

What is the Name of the Right Ventricular Outlet Valve?

Answer 9

The Pulmonary Valve

Question 10

Which Two Veins flow into the Left Atrium?

Answer 10

The Left and Right Pulmonary Veins

Question 11

What is the Peak Pressure in the Left Atrium?

Answer 11

8mmHg

Question 12

Approximately How Thick are the Left Ventricular Walls?

Answer 12

10-15mm Thick

Question 13

Where does the Left Atrium Flow Into?

Answer 13

The Left Ventricle

Question 14

What is the Peak Pressure in the Left Ventricle?

Answer 14

120mmHg

Question 15

Which Valve seperates the Left Atrium and the Left Ventricle?

Answer 15

The Bicuspid/Mitral Valve

Question 16

Where does the Left Ventricle Flow Into?

Answer 16

The Aorta

Question 17

What is the Name of the Left Ventricular Outlet Valve?

Answer 17

The Aortic Valve

Question 18

What Type Of Valve do the Ventricles Pump Blood Through?

Answer 18

Semilunar Valve

Question 19

The Right Border of the heart is formed mainly by Which Heart Chamber?

Answer 19

The Right Atrium

Question 20

The Inferior Border of the heart is formed mainly by Which Chamber?

Answer 20

The Right Ventricle

Question 21

The Left Border of the heart is formed mainly from Which Heart Chamber?

Answer 21

The Left Ventricle (And partially the left atrium/auricle)

Question 22

The Superior Border/Base of the heart is formed mainly by…

Answer 22

The Major Blood Vessels

Question 23

What is the Outermost Layer of the Pericardium?

Answer 23

The Fibrous Pericardium

Question 24

What is the Fibrous Pericardium Composed Of?

Answer 24

Collagen

Question 25

What **Pericardial Layer** lies **U****nderneath the Fibrous Pericardium**?

Answer 25

The Parietal Pericardium

Question 26

What is the **Pericardial Space Filled With**?

Answer 26

Serous Fluid

Question 27

The **Purpose** of the **Pericardial Space** and the **Serous Fluid** within is to...

Answer 27

Prevent/Minimise friction between the Pericardium and the Heart while the heart is beating

Question 28

What is the **Innermost Layer** of the **Pericardium**?

Answer 28

The **Visceral Pericardium**/Epicardium

Question 29

What is the **Outermost Layer** of the **Heart Wall**?

Answer 29

The Visceral Pericardium/**Epicardium**

Question 30

What **Layer** of the **Heart Wall** lies **Underneath the Epicardium**/Visceral Pericardium?

Answer 30

Myocardium/Heart Muscles

Question 31

What is the **Innermost** **Layer** of the **Heart Wall**?

Answer 31

The Endocardium

Question 32

What is **Inside** the **Endocardium**?

Answer 32

Blood/Ventricular Space

Question 33

Which **Valves** are **Completely Surrounded** with **Dense Fibres** in the **Fibrous Skeleton Of The Heart**?

Answer 33

The Mitral/Bicuspid Valve and the Aortic Valve

Question 34

Which Valves are **Not** **Completely** **Surrounded** with **Dense Fibres** in the **Fibrous Skeleton Of The Heart**?

Answer 34

The Tricuspid Valve (partially surrounded) and Pulmonary Valve (Only surrounded by loose fibres)

Question 35

Where is the **Sinoatrial Node** located?

Answer 35

Where the Superior Vena Cava connects to the Right Atrium

Question 36

Where is the **Atrioventricular Node** located?

Answer 36

In the Interventricular Septum, near the fibrous skeleton of the heart between the inlet valves

Question 37

Does the **Sinoatrial Node** require **Signal From The Brain** to **Initiate An Action Potential**?

Answer 37

No, It can automatically polarise and depolarise 60-100 times per minute

Question 38

What is the **Order** of the **Conduction System Of The Heart**?

Answer 38

1. Sinoatrial Node 2. Atrioventricular Node 3. Atrioventricular Bundle 4. Right and Left Bundle Branches 5. Purkinje Fibres

Question 39

How **Fast** does the **SA N****ode**conduct an**Action Potential**to the**Atrial Muscles**? What is the**Result Of Conduction**?

Answer 39

0.5m/s, Atrial Muscle Contraction

Question 40

How **Fast** does the **AV Node** conduct an **Action Potential**? What is the **Result Of Conduction**?

Answer 40

0.05m/s, Results in a 100ms delay

Question 41

How **Fast** does the **AV Bundle** conduct an **Action Potential** to the **Purkinje Fibres**? What is the **Result Of Conduction**?

Answer 41

5m/s, Complete and Even Ventricular Contraction (Systole)

Question 42

The **Ligamentum Arteriosum** **Connects** which two **Blood Vessels**?

Answer 42

The Pulmonary Trunk and the Aorta

Question 43

The **Ligamentum Arteriosum** is a remnant of a **Fetal Vessel** called the...

Answer 43

Ductus Arteriosus

Question 44

In a **Fetal Heart**, the **Ductus Arteriosus** would carry blood from the ___ to the \_\_\_

Answer 44

In a **Fetal Heart**, the **Ductus Arteriosus** would carry blood from the **Pulmonary Trunk** to the **Aorta**

Question 45

The **Fossa Ovalis** is a tranlucent membrane between the ___ and \_\_\_

Answer 45

The **Fossa Ovalis** is a tranlucent membrane between the **Right** and **Left Atria**

Question 46

The **Fossa Ovalis** is a remnant of a **Fetal Structure** called the...

Answer 46

Foramen Ovale

Question 47

In a **Fetal Heart**, the **Foramen Ovale** would allow blood to cross from the ___ to the \_\_\_

Answer 47

In a **Fetal Heart**, the **Foramen Ovale** would allow blood to cross from the **Right Atrium** to the **Left Atrium**