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Medsci142 > Heart Structure > Flashcards

Heart Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Which two Veins input into the Right Atrium?

A

The Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

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2
Q

What is the Peak Pressure inside the Right Atrium?

A

5mmHg

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3
Q

Where does the Right Atrium Flow Into?

A

The right ventricle

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4
Q

What is the Peak Pressure inside the Right Ventricle?

A

27mmHg

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5
Q

Approximately How Thick are the Right Ventricular Walls?

A

4-5mm Thick

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6
Q

Which Valve seperates the Right Atrium and the Right Ventricle?

A

The Tricuspid Valve

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7
Q

What Structures Prevent the Bicuspid/Mitral and Tricuspid valves from Inverting into their Atriums?

A

The Chordae Tendineae and Papillary Muscles

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8
Q

Where does the Right Ventricle Flow Into?

A

The Pulmonary Trunk

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9
Q

What is the Name of the Right Ventricular Outlet Valve?

A

The Pulmonary Valve

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10
Q

Which Two Veins flow into the Left Atrium?

A

The Left and Right Pulmonary Veins

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11
Q

What is the Peak Pressure in the Left Atrium?

A

8mmHg

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12
Q

Approximately How Thick are the Left Ventricular Walls?

A

10-15mm Thick

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13
Q

Where does the Left Atrium Flow Into?

A

The Left Ventricle

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14
Q

What is the Peak Pressure in the Left Ventricle?

A

120mmHg

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15
Q

Which Valve seperates the Left Atrium and the Left Ventricle?

A

The Bicuspid/Mitral Valve

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16
Q

Where does the Left Ventricle Flow Into?

A

The Aorta

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17
Q

What is the Name of the Left Ventricular Outlet Valve?

A

The Aortic Valve

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18
Q

What Type Of Valve do the Ventricles Pump Blood Through?

A

Semilunar Valve

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19
Q

The Right Border of the heart is formed mainly by Which Heart Chamber?

A

The Right Atrium

20
Q

The Inferior Border of the heart is formed mainly by Which Chamber?

A

The Right Ventricle

21
Q

The Left Border of the heart is formed mainly from Which Heart Chamber?

A

The Left Ventricle (And partially the left atrium/auricle)

22
Q

The Superior Border/Base of the heart is formed mainly by…

A

The Major Blood Vessels

23
Q

What is the Outermost Layer of the Pericardium?

A

The Fibrous Pericardium

24
Q

What is the Fibrous Pericardium Composed Of?

A

Collagen

25
Q

What Pericardial Layer lies Underneath the Fibrous Pericardium?

A

The Parietal Pericardium

26
Q

What is the Pericardial Space Filled With?

A

Serous Fluid

27
Q

The Purpose of the Pericardial Space and the Serous Fluid within is to…

A

Prevent/Minimise friction between the Pericardium and the Heart while the heart is beating

28
Q

What is the Innermost Layer of the Pericardium?

A

The Visceral Pericardium/Epicardium

29
Q

What is the Outermost Layer of the Heart Wall?

A

The Visceral Pericardium/Epicardium

30
Q

What Layer of the Heart Wall lies Underneath the Epicardium/Visceral Pericardium?

A

Myocardium/Heart Muscles

31
Q

What is the Innermost Layer of the Heart Wall?

A

The Endocardium

32
Q

What is Inside the Endocardium?

A

Blood/Ventricular Space

33
Q

Which Valves are Completely Surrounded with Dense Fibres in the Fibrous Skeleton Of The Heart?

A

The Mitral/Bicuspid Valve and the Aortic Valve

34
Q

Which Valves are Not Completely Surrounded with Dense Fibres in the Fibrous Skeleton Of The Heart?

A

The Tricuspid Valve (partially surrounded) and Pulmonary Valve (Only surrounded by loose fibres)

35
Q

Where is the Sinoatrial Node located?

A

Where the Superior Vena Cava connects to the Right Atrium

36
Q

Where is the Atrioventricular Node located?

A

In the Interventricular Septum, near the fibrous skeleton of the heart between the inlet valves

37
Q

Does the Sinoatrial Node require Signal From The Brain to Initiate An Action Potential?

A

No, It can automatically polarise and depolarise 60-100 times per minute

38
Q

What is the Order of the Conduction System Of The Heart?

A
  1. Sinoatrial Node
  2. Atrioventricular Node
  3. Atrioventricular Bundle
  4. Right and Left Bundle Branches
  5. Purkinje Fibres
39
Q

How Fast does the SA Nodeconduct anAction Potentialto theAtrial Muscles? What is theResult Of Conduction?

A

0.5m/s, Atrial Muscle Contraction

40
Q

How Fast does the AV Node conduct an Action Potential? What is the Result Of Conduction?

A

0.05m/s, Results in a 100ms delay

41
Q

How Fast does the AV Bundle conduct an Action Potential to the Purkinje Fibres? What is the Result Of Conduction?

A

5m/s, Complete and Even Ventricular Contraction (Systole)

42
Q

The Ligamentum Arteriosum Connects which two Blood Vessels?

A

The Pulmonary Trunk and the Aorta

43
Q

The Ligamentum Arteriosum is a remnant of a Fetal Vessel called the…

A

Ductus Arteriosus

44
Q

In a Fetal Heart, the Ductus Arteriosus would carry blood from the ___ to the ___

A

In a Fetal Heart, the Ductus Arteriosus would carry blood from the Pulmonary Trunk to the Aorta

45
Q

The Fossa Ovalis is a tranlucent membrane between the ___ and ___

A

The Fossa Ovalis is a tranlucent membrane between the Right and Left Atria

46
Q

The Fossa Ovalis is a remnant of a Fetal Structure called the…

A

Foramen Ovale

47
Q

In a Fetal Heart, the Foramen Ovale would allow blood to cross from the ___ to the ___

A

In a Fetal Heart, the Foramen Ovale would allow blood to cross from the Right Atrium to the Left Atrium

Medsci142 (11 decks)

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