Random Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Sexually Transmitted diseases that must be reported to the CDC:

A
N. gonorrhea
C. trachomatis
Hep B (acute, chronic, and perinatal)
Hep C (acute, past or present)
HIV
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2
Q

Bruton’s Agammaglobulinemia

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

G6PD Deficiency

Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome

DMD

Hemophilia A and B

A

X-linked recessive diseases

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3
Q

Rifampin Up may car before I get Phenytoined at St. John’s Phenobarabershop where they are nevirapine on time, always drinking ETOH and always eats the gristle off of their steaks. Dexter has narcolepsy but is Nafsty with the clippers”

A

CYP450 Inducers:

Rifampin
Carbamazepine
Phenytoin
St. John's Wort
Nevirapine
chronic ETOH
Griseofulvin
Modafinil
Phenobarbital
Dexamethasone
Nafcillin
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4
Q

What type of HS reaction is TB reactivation?

A

Type IV:

T cells and macrophages initiate granulomatous inflammation

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5
Q

SICKFACES.COM when I am drinking Grapefruit juice

A
CYP450 inhibitors:
sodium valproate
INH
Cimetidine
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Acute EtOH abuse
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin/Clarithromycin
Sulfonamides
Ciprofloxacin
Omeprazole
Metronidazole
Amiodarone
Grapefruit Juice
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6
Q

Always Think When Outdoors:

A

CYP450 substrates:

Anti-eleptics
Theophylline
Warfarin
OCPs

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7
Q

Anti-Jo Abs:

A

Polymyositis

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8
Q

Cellular infiltrate within the muscle fascicle with inflammatory cells invading individual muscle fibers

A

Polymyositis

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9
Q

Focal endomysial infiltration by CD8+ T lymphocytes and macrophages, capillary obliteration, endothelial cell damage, and increased amount of CT d/t muscle fiber necrosis

A

Histopathology for polymyositis

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10
Q

insidious onset of symmetrical, proximal muscle weakness in UE and LE; muscle pain and tenderness

A

Polymyositis

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11
Q

Elevated serum creatinine kinase, LDH, and aldolase.

Anti-Jo Abs

A

Polymyositis labs

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12
Q

Pentad of TTP:

A

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, neurologic abnormalities, fever, renal disease

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13
Q

Pathophys of TTP:

A

Deficiency in ADAMTS13 protease that cleaves vWF multimers into smaller vWF monomers leading to anemia from RBC trauma from vWF multimers and thrombocytopenia from platelets aggregating onto large multimers

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14
Q

Malignant ovarian tumor of epithelial origin that secretes serous material:

A

Papillary serous adenocarcinomas

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15
Q

Most common type of primary ovarian malignancy

A

Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma

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16
Q

Primary ovarian malignancy associated with intraperitoneal deposits:

A

Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma

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17
Q

Tx of neuroleptic malignant syndrome:

A

Dantrolene (1st line)–interferes with calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum within muscle cells

Bromocriptine–dopamine agonist

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18
Q

Monoclonal Ab treatment/prophylaxis of inhalational anthrax:

A

Raxibamucab–neutralizes the toxin formed by B. anthracis

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19
Q

Carcinoid tumors don’t show symptoms until…

A

they metastasize to the liver

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20
Q

Leutinized follicle cysts that form as a result of overstimulation of theca interna cells from high levels of bHCG

A

theca lutein cysts

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21
Q

Most common sex cord stromal tumor:

A

ovarian fibroma

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22
Q

Histo of ovarian fibromas:

A

spindle-shaped fibroblasts

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23
Q

Meig’s syndrome:

A

Ovarian fibroma, ascites (fluid wave on abdominal palpation), pleural effusion

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24
Q

a1 receptor signaling:

A

Gq protein –> increased intracellular calcium –> increased smooth muscle contraction, pupillary dilator muscle contraction, increased intestinal and bladder sphincter muscle contraction

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25
B1 receptor signaling:
Gs signaling protein increased contractility, increased HR, increased renin release and lipolysis
26
B2 receptor signaling:
Gs signaling protein: vasodilation (by inhibition of MLCK), bronchodilation, increase HR & contractility, lipolysis, insulin release and decreased uterine tone
27
a2 receptor signaling:
Gi receptor signaling: inhibits adenylyl cyclase--> decrease in smooth muscle contraction decreased sympathetic outflow, decreased insulin secretion, decreased lipolysis, increased platelet aggregation, decrease aqueous humor production
28
Agar for Legionella pneumophila:
charcoal yeast agar enriched with cysteine and iron
29
2 drugs recommended for systolic CHF and volume overload known to improve survival;
ACEIs and diuretics
30
drugs recommended for prior CHF and decreased ejection fraction:
beta blocker
31
Innervation to the palmar surface and nail beds of the 1st 3 digits
median nerve
32
innervation of the thenar muscles and pronator teres:
median nerve
33
innervation of the adductor pollicis
deep branch of the ulnar nerve
34
atypical lymphocytosis, positive latex agglutination (Monospot test) and positive heterophile Ab
Infectious mononucleosis d/t EBV
35
CAG trinucleotide repeat:
Huntington Dz, cx 4, AD
36
CGG trinucleotide repeat:
Fragile X Syndrome, X cx, XLD
37
CTG trinucleotide repeat:
Myotonic dystrophy, DMPK gene AD
38
GAA trinucleotide repeat
Friederich ataxia, cx 9, AR
39
Nuetrophilic infiltration of the thyroid gland:
DeQuervain's thyroiditis
40
Alz. dementia with an associated Parkinson-like movement disorder + hallucinations
Lewy body dementia
41
leukotriene excess d/t inhibition of COX causing bronchoconstriction and wheezing
ASA induced asthma
42
MC cause of bacterial parotitis:
S. aureus
43
Unilateral and common among older popn d/t medications with atropine effect of reduced salivary flow:
bacterial parotitis
44
Most common cause of aseptic meningitis:
enterovirus
45
Effects of insulin on K+ levels:
insulin shift K+ into cells
46
Anticipation due to ______ instability in myotonic dystrophy:
maternal meiosis
47
Anticipation due to _____ instability in Friederich's Ataxia:
maternal and paternal meiosis
48
Anticipation due to _____ instability in Huntington's Dz:
paternal meiosis
49
negatively regulates PI3k/AKT pathway
PTEN tumor suppressor gene. When both copies are lost, can lead to breast, prostate and endometrial cancer
50
Cryptococcus neoformans colonizes what organ?
the lungs
51
PCP is a...
NMDA receptor antagonist
52
CKD phosphate and calcium levels:
low serum calcium high serum phosphorus high PTH
53
Anesthetics with a high tissue solubility have a high...
arteriovenous concentration gradient and slower onset of action
54
Prophylaxis before rabies exposure:
inactivated vaccine
55
Post exposure rabies prophylaxis
inactivated vaccine and rabies immune globin
56
symptom/finding essential for TTP dx:
hemolytic anemia
57
the ophthalmic artery is a branch of...
the internal carotid artery
58
opiate of choice in acute pancreatitis...
meperidine b/c it does not increase pressure at the sphincter of oddi
59
deficiency of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
porphyria cutanea tarda
60
deficiency of porphobilinogen deaminase
acute intermittent porphyria
61
what is increased in the urine in acute intermittent porphyria
d-ALA and porphobilinogen
62
red urine is seen in
acute intermittent porphyria--porphobilinogen deaminase deficiency
63
major AEs of SSRIs:
sexual dysfunction and GI sx (nausea, diarrhea)
64
where do goblet cells in the respiratory system stop?
just before the terminal bronchioles at the bronchi
65
fever and mucocutaneous lesions that progress to epidermal necrosis and sloughing after use of certain medications:
Steven Johnson's syndrome
66
Most commonly implicated drugs in SJS:
lamotrigine, allopurinol, sulfonamide antibiotics (TMP/SMX), anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, phenytoin)
67
mutations in melanoma
BRAF