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MSK: Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior cord of brachial plexus gives rise to:

A

axillary and radial nn.

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2
Q

Medial cord of brachial plexus gives rise to:

A

ulnar n.

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3
Q

Lateral AND medial cord of brachial plexus gives rise to:

A

median n.

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4
Q

can’t abduct arm above horizontal position

A

long thoraic nerve damage; innervated the serratus anterior

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5
Q

winged scapula

A

serratus anterior damage (C5-C7) “wings of heaven”

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6
Q

problems extending 4th and 5th digits

A

distal ulnar nerve injury

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7
Q

problem making a fist with the 4th and 5th digits

A

proximal ulnar nerve injury (can’t make a fist, the lesion in farther away)

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8
Q

problem making a fist with thumb, index and middle finger

A

proximal median nerve lesion

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9
Q

problem extending the thumb, index, and middle finger

A

distal median nerve lesion

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10
Q

sensory innervation to the suprapubic region

A

iliohypogastric n (T12-L1)

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11
Q

sensory innervation to the scrotum/labia majors, inner thing

A

genitofemoral n. (L1-L2)

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12
Q

responsible for cremasteric reflex

A

genitofemoral n. (L1-L2)

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13
Q

decreased sensation to the anterior thigh below the inguinal ligament

A

damage to genitofemoral n. (L1-L2)

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14
Q

nerve damaged with an anterior hip dislocation or pelvic surgery

A

obturator n. (L2-4)

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15
Q

sensory to the dorsum of foot (except webspace b/w 1st and 2nd toes):

A

superficial peroneal n. branch of the common peroneal n.

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16
Q

motor innervation to the hamstring muscles (semi tendinosus, semimembranousus, biceps femoris) and adductor magnus

A

sciatic n. (L4-S3)

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17
Q

nerve most commonly compressed in anterior compartment syndrome

A

deep peroneal n.

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18
Q

what direction do intervertebral discs herniate

A

posteriorlaterally d/t thin posterior longitudinal ligament

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19
Q

weakness of knee extension, decreased patellar reflex

A

L3-L4 disc herniation

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20
Q

weakness of dorsiflexion and difficulty heel walking

A

L4-L5 disc herniation

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21
Q

weakness of plantarflexion , difficulty toe walking, decrease Achilles reflex

A

L5-S1 disc herniation

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22
Q

artery running with long thoracic n.

A

lateral thoracic a.

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23
Q

artery running with axillary n.

A

posterior circumflex a. of the arm

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24
Q

artery running with the radial n.

A

deep brachial a.

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25
artery running with the median n. in the cubital fossa at the distal humerus
brachial a.
26
artery running with the tibial n. in the popliteal fossa
popliteal a.
27
artery running with the tibial n. posterior to the medial malleolus
posterior tibial a.
28
type of bone formation in long bones
endochondral ossification
29
bone formation defective in achondroplasia
endochondral ossification
30
cartilaginous model of bone made by chondrocytes, then osteoclasts and osteoblast replace later with woven bone and then remodeled to lamellar bone
endochondral ossification
31
bone formation that happens in the bones of the skull, facial bones, and clavicle
membranous ossification
32
woven bone formed directly without cartilage, later remodeled to lamellar bone
membranous ossification
33
inflammation of plantar aponeurosis with heel pain on the first steps in the morning.
plantar fasciitis
34
characterized by bone resorption that outpaces bone formation in the tibial cortex
medial tibial stress syndrome (shin splints)
35
overuse injury of the lateral knee seen in runners
IT band syndrome
36
pain develops secondary to friction of IT band against lateral femoral epicondyle
IT band syndrome
37
abnormal development of acetabulum in newborns resulting in hip instability and dislocation
developmental dysplasia of the hip
38
how to treat developmental dysplasia of the hip
splint/harness
39
idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
40
insidious onset of hip pain that may cause the child to limp
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
41
obese child with hip/knee pain and altered gain
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
42
increased axial force on femoral head causing the epiphysis to displace relative to the femoral neck
slipped capital femoral epiphysis
43
repetitive strain and chronic avulsion of the secondary ossification center of the proximal tibial tubercle
Osgood Schlatter Dz (traction apophysitis)
44
how to treat SCFE:
surgery
45
caused by a sudden pull on the arm
nursemaid's elbow (radial subluxation)
46
arm held in flexed and pronated position
radial subluxation
47
injury d/t an immature annular ligament that slips over the head of the radius
radial subluxation
48
inflammation of the prepatellar bursa
prepatellar bursitis
49
caused by repeated trauma or pressure from excessive kneeling
prepatellar bursitis
50
fluid collectioin in the gastrocnemius-semimembranosus bursa commonly communicating with synovial space
Baker's cyst
51
cyst related to chronic joint disease (OA or RA)
Baker's cyst
52
inflammation of the gluteal tendon and bursa lateral to the greater trochanter of the femur
trochanteric bursitis
53
how to tx trochanteric bursitis
NSAIDs, heat, stretching
54
types of crystals seen in gout on joint aspiration
monosodium urate crystals
55
drugs that can exacerbate gout:
loop or thiazide diuretics
56
acute gout tx:
NSAIDs (indomethacin), glucocorticoids, colchicine (if first 2 CI)
57
type of crystal precipitation seen on joint aspiration in pseudogout:
calcium pyrophosphate
58
conditions associated with pseudogout:
hemochromatosis, hyperparathyroidism, joint trauma
59
cartilage calcification see on XR:
associated with pseudogout
60
acute tx of pseudogout:
NSAIDs, steroids, colchicine
61
prophylaxis of pseudogout:
colchicine
62
which side of cartilage is lost first in OA of the knee:
medial
63
osteophytes, joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis and cysts
OA
64
involves DIPs and PIPs
OA
65
Involves DIPs, PIPs, NCO, or 1st CMC
RA
66
inflammatory synovial fluid
RA
67
erosions, juxta-articular osteopenia, soft tissue swelling, subchondral cysts, joint space narrowing
RA
68
fibrinoid necrosis with palisading histiocytes in subcutanoues tissues
rheumatoid nodules in RA
69
+ anti-SSA in pregnant woman with SLE leads to...
increased risk of congenital heart block in the newborn
70
best long term improvement for symptomatic osteoporosis...
bisphosphonates

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