Random Flashcards
What is the purpose of a Photoionization Detector (PID)?
To detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and some toxic gases by measuring ionization.
What does BLEVE stand for?
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion.
What are the four main types of railcars used for hazardous materials transport?
- Pressure tank cars
- General service tank cars
- Cryogenic liquid tank cars
- Hopper cars
What is the NFPA 704 marking system commonly called?
The fire diamond.
What is the difference between LEL and UEL?
LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) is the lowest concentration of a gas that can ignite, while UEL (Upper Explosive Limit) is the highest concentration that can ignite.
What is the primary hazard of hydrogen cyanide (HCN)?
It is highly toxic and interferes with the body’s ability to use oxygen.
Which DOT hazard class covers flammable liquids?
Class 3.
What does ‘IDLH’ stand for, and why is it important?
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health; it indicates the maximum concentration of a substance where escape is possible without severe harm.
What color is the section in the ERG (Emergency Response Guidebook) for initial isolation and protective distances?
Green.
What is the difference between vapor density and specific gravity?
Vapor density refers to gases compared to air (air = 1), while specific gravity refers to liquids compared to water (water = 1).
What does the term ‘permissible exposure limit’ (PEL) mean?
The legal limit for exposure to a substance in the workplace.
What is the purpose of a foam blanket in hazmat response?
To suppress vapors and prevent ignition of flammable liquids.
What is the primary hazard of oxidizers?
They can intensify fires or cause materials to combust.
What are the three primary modes of hazmat transportation?
- Rail
- Road
- Pipeline
What type of railcar has a dome on top and is used for transporting pressurized gases?
Pressure tank car.
What does the acronym SLUDGEM represent in hazmat?
- Salivation
- Lacrimation
- Urination
- Defecation
- Gastrointestinal upset
- Emesis
- Miosis
What are the four routes of entry for hazardous materials?
- Inhalation
- Ingestion
- Absorption
- Injection
What is the purpose of a hazmat decontamination corridor?
To systematically remove contaminants from personnel and equipment.
What type of protective clothing is required for Level A hazmat response?
Fully encapsulating chemical-resistant suit with SCBA.
What is the difference between a solid, liquid, and gas in terms of hazmat behavior?
- Solids generally stay in place
- Liquids can spill and flow
- Gases disperse rapidly
What is the significance of the 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3 DOT classifications?
- 2.1: Flammable gases
- 2.2: Non-flammable gases
- 2.3: Toxic gases
What type of valve is commonly found on pressurized railcars?
Spring-loaded relief valve.
What is the definition of corrosivity?
The ability of a substance to cause damage to materials, skin, or tissue by chemical action.
How is a cryogenic liquid stored and transported?
In insulated containers under very low temperatures to keep it in liquid form.