Racial Discrimination 2 PART 4

Question 1

Enoch Powell

Answer 1

conservative MP in 1968 when labour was in power

• made a speech in 1968 called rivers of blood
• -> highlighted his racist views and stated the future of multicultural Britain would be violent and there would be a civil war if immigration did not stop
• Powell represented a large section of society

Question 2

which group grew in popularity

Answer 2

National Front

–> wanted all non white immigrants to return to country that they came from

Question 3

protest riots and reform

Answer 3

• by early 1970s government had done little to re assure black population that they were equal and welcome
• by 1981 there were riots in Liverpool , Birmingham and London

Question 4

Laws to protect the rights of minorities to improve race relations (3) :
- 1965 Race relations act

Answer 4

-made some types fo discimination illegal eg discrimination in housing and employment

Question 5

Laws to protect the rights of minorities to improve race relations (3) :
-1968 Race Relations Act

Answer 5

-stronger and extend to employment and housing – aim was to help integration fo communities

Question 6

Laws to protect the rights of minorities to improve race relations (3) :
-1976 Race Relations Act

Answer 6

-extended the definition of discrimination to any practice that disadvantaged another group and the race relations board was replaced with the Commission for racial equality which had more power

Question 7

Brixton Riots 1981:

background

Answer 7

• 1977 was the infamous Battle of Lewisham sparked by a National Front march through the borough
• black felt unprotected by police and were being blamed fro crime in area
• 1970s recession black people hit hardest by unemployment

Question 8

Brixton Riots 1981:

what was the main cause/ what set off riots

Answer 8

-SUS law allowed police to stop and search anyone they felt the need tp, operation Swamp 81 meant Brixton was filled with Police officers from other districts using stop and each as a way to prevent street crime

Question 9

Brixton Riots 1981:

what eventually happened

Answer 9

• 1000 people stopped in 6 days
• tension boiled until an arrest of a young black man April 1981 saw the start of a riot where black men fought the police for 3 days

Question 10

Brixton Riots 1981:

Scarman’s report

Answer 10

• Lord Scarman was asked to write a report own the events in Brixton, prior to the publication of his report similar riots took place in Handsworth, Liverpool and Manchester
• Scarman report investigated the causes of riots and police tactics for causing riots
• -> identified racism in police and led to the end of the SUS law

Question 11

1958 Notting Hill Riots and then 1959 Notting Hill Carnival

Answer 11

1958 serious racial violence in Notting Hill saw black homes and shops being attacked

• in response a carnival was organised to give shift focus to celebration of black culture
• following the death of another black male in 1959 a huge anti racism demonstration was organised

Question 12

Brixton Riots 1981:

Scarman report – what happened in 1993

Answer 12

although scarman report stated that there was no institutional racism a young black man Stephen Lawrence was murdered in 1993 in London and the police did not do a full report due to institutional racism