Chartism PART 3 Flashcards
1
Q
Problems with politics in early 19th century
A
- growing political awareness of working/middle classes (Birmingham political union
- growing industrial towns
- Rotten / pocket boroughs with no Mp controlled by rich
- vote in public
- growth in protest due to influence of American and French Revolution
2
Q
1815
A
Battle of Waterloo Napoleon attempted to defeat England and failed
3
Q
1819
A
PETER LOO MASSACRE
- st Peter’s field Manchester
- 60,000 people attend peaceful protest to hear Henry Hunt speak to demand reform in parliament
- local magistrate killed 15
- 600 injured
- government introduce 6 Acts which states any meeting of 50 or more people for radical reform was an act of treason
4
Q
1829
A
Thomas Attwood formes Birmingham Political Union with middle and working classes
- Attwood along with 8,000 others signed a petition for reform
- parliament worried Attwood ordered people not to pay taxes to kIng
5
Q
Lead up to Great reform Act 1832
A
- 1830 election Earl Grey ‘whigs ‘ parliament came into power and so did WilliamIV both more progressive leaders
- Early Grey’s Whig Government tried to pass Great Recorm Act 3 times
- House of Lords did not want to pass it and give ordinary people more power
- on 3rd attempt Earl Grey goes to King and threatens to take power so Act is passed
6
Q
1832 what did it do
What did it not do
A
GREAT REFORM ACT
- people who earned more than £150 could vote (MPs just gaining support of middle class to weaken working class)
- voters increase from 435,000–642,000
- rotten boroughs removed new towns given Mps
DID NOT DO
- no secret ballot until 1872
- only 1 in 7 men could vote
- 1928 women given vote
- only 18% of men could vote
7
Q
Economic causes of Chartism
A
- poor law 1834 sent people with financial problems to workhouses
- skilled workers no longer needed due to machinery in factories
8
Q
Political Causes
A
- no secret ballot
- great reform act did not do enough as working class did not have vote
9
Q
Social Causes
A
- most workers in new towns and cities lived in poor conditions
- bad harvests 1830’s meant farmworkers starved
10
Q
1836
A
WILLIAM LOVETT BEGINS CHARTIST MOVEMENT
- Thomas’s Attwood and BPU join
- 1839 Birmingham national chartist convention
- Lovett promotes temperance and silent protest due to Christian religion
- 1st pétition rejected in 1839
11
Q
Transition. Of chartist movement becoming more aggressive
A
1830 peaceful Newport Rising
- 22 killed by government
- Chartists Ken to follow Robert Owen cooperative movement
- Fergus O’Connor inspired and formed O’Connorvilles which failed due to poorly farmed land
12
Q
1840 Chartism
A
- Fergus O’Connor called for a general strike
- 1842 another petition sent to parliament and rejected
13
Q
1840 Chartism
1842
A
Plugplot
Workers in the North vandalised machinery
14
Q
By 1847
A
- there was a growth in support for Chartists due to agricultural and economic depression
15
Q
1848
A
Kennington Common
- 50,000 Chartists
- 3rd pétition declined as there were forged signatures 3 million ?
- 85,000 special constables
