race +ethnicity

Question 1

biological appraoch to race

Answer 1

racial taxonomies = meaningful classifications of genetic differences btw human popln groups
- assume genes =race = health problems

Question 2

race as a social construct

Answer 2

developed in context of slavery + imperial colonialism. no biological basis. more variation w/in race than btw.
- most btw group variation is for ppl in geographically isolated groups

Question 3

racialization

Answer 3

characteristics attributed in meaningful way (-) to particular group.
- race: tells more abt society than geneticss.

Question 4

3 distinct groups of canada’s indigenous

Answer 4

first nations, inuit, metis.

metis especially = younger on average, higher fertility rates, more self-identifying as Metis

Question 5

define status Indian

Answer 5

legal designation that provides entitlements to certain rights + benefits under the law

Question 6

LE in indigenous

Answer 6

in past LE was 6-8 years less than canadian average. smaller gap today

Question 7

infant mortality btw Indigenous + non.

Answer 7

much lower IM in non than in indigenous.

Question 8

perceives health + mental health

Answer 8

higher for non-aboriginal. statistically significantly higher

Question 9

self-reported diabetes trend

Answer 9

3x higher in on-reserve FN. 2x higher in off-reserve FN.

* lower in inuit*

Question 10

diabetes patterns. M vs W. FN vs non-FN

Answer 10

FN: w > m. non-FN: w non-FN for both genders

Question 11

diabetes in regions of manitoba - trends

Answer 11

FN: decrease risk more north. (rely on traditional food up north. more sugar/processed down south)
non-fn : increase risk more north (more sugar in north - processed easier to transport)

Question 12

explain worse status of health in aboriginal?

Answer 12

structured inequality

Question 13

2 components of structured inequality

Answer 13

1. access to resources

2. legacy of residential school system

Question 14

access to resources: poverty

Answer 14

greater child poverty rate in indigenous than canadian. regionally even higher..

Question 15

access to resource: education completion

Answer 15

indigenous = greater proportion don’t finish HS. greater proportion stop after HS. significant more non-indigenous complete post-2ary

Question 16

access to resource: unemployment rate

Answer 16

indigenous worse off. always higher unemployment rate regardless of schooling or not. 2x as high in indigenous.

Question 17

access to resource: safe drinking water

Answer 17

• drinking water advisory issued by gov’t prevent exposure to unsafe water.
• more FN communities over non-FN have DWA. average duration is ~2 years. some DWA for decades

Question 18

legacy of residential schools = component of structured inequality

Answer 18

govt + religious groups to forcible assimilate. remove + isolate children permanently from community + family. punished, verbally, physically, sexually abused. cycle of neglect + abuse.
*important bc these ppl expected to raise family, but can’t be good parents if never had good parent/authority figures