Global health - food and diet Flashcards
define globalization
process through which ideas, resources + persons increasingly operate within a worldwide rather than local framework
global food supply - 3 pillars
production + trade of agricultural goods; foreign investment in food processing + retailing (big companies control food movement); global food advertising + promotion (food is promoted as desirable aspiration).
what is the nutrition transition?
trend in consumption of foods high in fats, sweetner increasing, cereal decrease, fruit + veg inadequate.
how ppl are affected by nutrition transition?
popln affected bc diets are energy-rich but quality of diet is poor nutritionally. increased cardiovascular risk
globesity video:
malnutrition used to be biggest concern, now obesity alongside malnutrition.
two global trends in food consumption
dietary convergence + dietary adaptation
what is dietary convergence?
increasing similarity in diets worldwide; greater reliance on narrow base of staple grain, increased consumption of meat, dairy, oil, sugar. ; increased caloric intake, lower intake of dietary fibre.
consumption of meat (kg/year) trend from 1960s -> expected in 203.
both developing and high-income countries
consequences of eating meat:
- large-scale + intensive production (change in farming practices) to meet growing demand => environmental + health risks ( intensify farming operations - less wellbeing attention on animals. - antibiotics in meat = implications for ppl)
- cereals + grains diverted to feed animal poplns
what is dietary adaptation?
increased consumption of brand-name, processed + store-brought foods.
=> more meals consumed ourside he home
- foods are increasingly processed (not necessarily healthy
why are there more meals being consumed outside the home?
more ppl into cities. lose connectino to food source = can’t grow own food, market says buy food. . food not always healthy, but appealing so ppl come back
what is the supermarket revolution
increasing purchases from supermarkets. disappearance of local markets (more multinatinoal, eliminate competitiveness) 3/10 pesos in mexico spent at walmart. #1 place where obesity is greatest.
benefits of supermarket for consumer?
greater availability - import food worldwide
- food is cheaper (wholesale), more nutritious, more likely to meet food safety standards, but food crisis affects more ppl
disadvantages of supermarkets for consumers in developing countries
coca-colonization
double-edged sword of malnutrition (childhood malnutrition + adult obesity)
what is coca-colonization?
desire for foods that are associated with affluent countries
->assoc w unhealthy diets.