Global health - food and diet

Question 1

define globalization

Answer 1

process through which ideas, resources + persons increasingly operate within a worldwide rather than local framework

Question 2

global food supply - 3 pillars

Answer 2

production + trade of agricultural goods; foreign investment in food processing + retailing (big companies control food movement); global food advertising + promotion (food is promoted as desirable aspiration).

Question 3

what is the nutrition transition?

Answer 3

trend in consumption of foods high in fats, sweetner increasing, cereal decrease, fruit + veg inadequate.

Question 4

how ppl are affected by nutrition transition?

Answer 4

popln affected bc diets are energy-rich but quality of diet is poor nutritionally. increased cardiovascular risk

Question 5

globesity video:

Answer 5

malnutrition used to be biggest concern, now obesity alongside malnutrition.

Question 6

two global trends in food consumption

Answer 6

dietary convergence + dietary adaptation

Question 7

what is dietary convergence?

Answer 7

increasing similarity in diets worldwide; greater reliance on narrow base of staple grain, increased consumption of meat, dairy, oil, sugar. ; increased caloric intake, lower intake of dietary fibre.

Question 8

consumption of meat (kg/year) trend from 1960s -> expected in 203.

Answer 8

both developing and high-income countries

Question 9

consequences of eating meat:

Answer 9

• large-scale + intensive production (change in farming practices) to meet growing demand => environmental + health risks ( intensify farming operations - less wellbeing attention on animals. - antibiotics in meat = implications for ppl)
• cereals + grains diverted to feed animal poplns

Question 10

what is dietary adaptation?

Answer 10

increased consumption of brand-name, processed + store-brought foods.
=> more meals consumed ourside he home

• foods are increasingly processed (not necessarily healthy

Question 11

why are there more meals being consumed outside the home?

Answer 11

more ppl into cities. lose connectino to food source = can’t grow own food, market says buy food. . food not always healthy, but appealing so ppl come back

Question 12

what is the supermarket revolution

Answer 12

increasing purchases from supermarkets. disappearance of local markets (more multinatinoal, eliminate competitiveness) 3/10 pesos in mexico spent at walmart. #1 place where obesity is greatest.

Question 13

benefits of supermarket for consumer?

Answer 13

greater availability - import food worldwide

• food is cheaper (wholesale), more nutritious, more likely to meet food safety standards, but food crisis affects more ppl

Question 14

disadvantages of supermarkets for consumers in developing countries

Answer 14

coca-colonization

double-edged sword of malnutrition (childhood malnutrition + adult obesity)

Question 15

what is coca-colonization?

Answer 15

desire for foods that are associated with affluent countries

->assoc w unhealthy diets.

Question 16

what does coca-cola represent?

Answer 16

leisure + affluence, calorie-rich + nutrient poor

Question 17

benefits of supermarkets for farmers

Answer 17

• supermarkets enter into contracts with farmer. farmer meets standards for consistency + high quality produce. (local farmer go across the world - wouldnt happen otherwise)
• opportunity for local farmers to sell produce on world market

Question 18

disadvantages of supermarkets for farmers

Answer 18

• local farmer lack technology + knowledge to compete. (multi-national can cut farmers easily; farmer dont have alternative)
• cant compete, out of market. result may lose land + be displaced from farm.