Global health - food and diet Flashcards

1
Q

define globalization

A

process through which ideas, resources + persons increasingly operate within a worldwide rather than local framework

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2
Q

global food supply - 3 pillars

A

production + trade of agricultural goods; foreign investment in food processing + retailing (big companies control food movement); global food advertising + promotion (food is promoted as desirable aspiration).

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3
Q

what is the nutrition transition?

A

trend in consumption of foods high in fats, sweetner increasing, cereal decrease, fruit + veg inadequate.

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4
Q

how ppl are affected by nutrition transition?

A

popln affected bc diets are energy-rich but quality of diet is poor nutritionally. increased cardiovascular risk

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5
Q

globesity video:

A

malnutrition used to be biggest concern, now obesity alongside malnutrition.

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6
Q

two global trends in food consumption

A

dietary convergence + dietary adaptation

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7
Q

what is dietary convergence?

A

increasing similarity in diets worldwide; greater reliance on narrow base of staple grain, increased consumption of meat, dairy, oil, sugar. ; increased caloric intake, lower intake of dietary fibre.

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8
Q

consumption of meat (kg/year) trend from 1960s -> expected in 203.

A

both developing and high-income countries

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9
Q

consequences of eating meat:

A
  • large-scale + intensive production (change in farming practices) to meet growing demand => environmental + health risks ( intensify farming operations - less wellbeing attention on animals. - antibiotics in meat = implications for ppl)
  • cereals + grains diverted to feed animal poplns
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10
Q

what is dietary adaptation?

A

increased consumption of brand-name, processed + store-brought foods.
=> more meals consumed ourside he home

  • foods are increasingly processed (not necessarily healthy
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11
Q

why are there more meals being consumed outside the home?

A

more ppl into cities. lose connectino to food source = can’t grow own food, market says buy food. . food not always healthy, but appealing so ppl come back

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12
Q

what is the supermarket revolution

A

increasing purchases from supermarkets. disappearance of local markets (more multinatinoal, eliminate competitiveness) 3/10 pesos in mexico spent at walmart. #1 place where obesity is greatest.

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13
Q

benefits of supermarket for consumer?

A

greater availability - import food worldwide

  • food is cheaper (wholesale), more nutritious, more likely to meet food safety standards, but food crisis affects more ppl
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14
Q

disadvantages of supermarkets for consumers in developing countries

A

coca-colonization

double-edged sword of malnutrition (childhood malnutrition + adult obesity)

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15
Q

what is coca-colonization?

A

desire for foods that are associated with affluent countries

->assoc w unhealthy diets.

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16
Q

what does coca-cola represent?

A

leisure + affluence, calorie-rich + nutrient poor

17
Q

benefits of supermarkets for farmers

A
  • supermarkets enter into contracts with farmer. farmer meets standards for consistency + high quality produce. (local farmer go across the world - wouldnt happen otherwise)
  • opportunity for local farmers to sell produce on world market
18
Q

disadvantages of supermarkets for farmers

A
  • local farmer lack technology + knowledge to compete. (multi-national can cut farmers easily; farmer dont have alternative)
  • cant compete, out of market. result may lose land + be displaced from farm.