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Exotics Master > Rabbits (LS) > Flashcards

Rabbits (LS) Flashcards

1
Q

What drug should NEVER be given ORALLY to Rabbits?

Why?

A
  • Penacillin/lincomycin
  • Dysbiosis
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2
Q

How do rabbits breath?

A

Obligate nasal breathers

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3
Q

How many Incisors do rabbits have?

TQ!

A

6!

  • 2 Maxillary incisors & 2 peg teeth→ top
  • 2 Mandibular incisors → bottom
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4
Q

What predisposes Rabbits to Lumbar FX?

TQ

A

Lightweight skeletons & LARGE mm. mass

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5
Q

What is unique about the

Female Rabbit reproductive tract?

A

NO UTERINE BODY! → Duplex Uterus

2 horns

2 cervices

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6
Q

What type of castration do you perfom on male rabbits?

A

Closed castration

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7
Q

Most GIT problems in rabbits are related to lack of ______.

A

Fiber!

(Avoid simple sugars & fruits→ slow down GI motility)

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8
Q

Where is a common site for Lumbar FX in Rabbits?

A

L7

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9
Q

What is the most common neoplasm in female rabbits?

A

Uterine Adenocarcinoma

(> 50% of females > 5 yrs)

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10
Q

2nd most common neoplasm in rabbits?

A

Lymphosarcoma

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11
Q

Which breed of rabbit gets congenital glaucoma?

A

New Zealand Whites

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12
Q

What is a disorder of hip, pelvis, spine & long bones of young rabbits?

A

Splay leg or “Swimmer”

(hereditary musculoskeletal disorder)

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13
Q

How can you promote appropriate

dental wearing in rabbits?

A

Feed hay!

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14
Q

Pathogenesis of Gastric Trichobezoars?

A
  • Low fiber diets
  • Dehydration
  • prolific shedders (Angora)
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15
Q

C/S of Trichobezar

A
  • loss of appetite
  • absent or decreased feces
  • doughy mass on palpation of cranial/mid-abodmen
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16
Q

What is unique about the dietary Calcium uptake in the rabbit?

A

Not dependent on Vitamin D

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17
Q

Excess dietary Calcium can lead to the formation of __________

A

Uroliths

(avoid feeding alfalfa pellets and alfalfa hay)

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18
Q

What is special about Rabbit urine that predisposes them to Uroliths?

A
  • High in Ca2+ carbonate & Triple phosphate crystals
  • Very Alkaline
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19
Q

What 2 things can be normal to find in urine?

A
  • Small amount of sand
  • Small amount of crystals
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20
Q

Prevention of Urolithiasis?

A
  • Decrease Calcium in diet (grass hay, green veges, timmothy pellets; avoid excess alfalfa)
  • Weight control
  • Increase exercise
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21
Q

What are the main causes of the abscesses in rabbits?

A
  • Pasteurella
  • Dental Dz
22
Q

What is a common and significant dz in rabbits?

What is the causative agent?

A

Pasturellosis/Snuffles

Pastuerlla multocida

23
Q

When does infection of pasteurellosis occur in rabbits?

A

Develops when stressed (most rabbits are carriers)

24
Q

How do rabbits spread Pasteurella?

A

Sneezing

25
Q

C/S of Pasteurellosis

A
  • Sneezing, nasal discharge
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Otitis
  • Dyspnea
  • **Neurological **
  • Subcutaneous swelling
  • Vaginal discharge
26
Q

What finding makes the prognosis for Pasteurellosis poor?

A

Pulmonary abscesses

27
Q

Tx- Pasteurellosis

A
  • Enrofloxacin (most isolates, but increasing resistance)
  • Injectable penicillin
  • Surgical excision of abscesses or infected organs
28
Q

Pasteurellosis - Control and prevention in Rabbitries

A
  • Culling
  • Culture or serology to detect carriers
  • NO vax currently
29
Q

Common inhabitant of the respiratory tract (asymptomatic)

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica

30
Q

Why would you recommend to a client to house their rabbit and guinea pig separately?

A
  • Rabbits are asymptomatic carriers of B. bronchiseptica
  • May transmit to species (dog, guinea pigs) where it is more pathogenic
31
Q

Causative agent of Enterotoxemia

A

Clostridium spiroforme toxin

32
Q

C/S - Enterotoxemia

A
  • Abdominal pain
  • Hunched posture
  • Teeth grinding
  • Anorexia
33
Q

Dx- Enterotoxemia

A
  • Anaerobic fecal Culture
  • Gram stain of fecal smear → helically coiled, semicircular rods
34
Q

Tx- Enterotoxemia

A
  • Supportive care
  • Motility modifiers →Metaclopramide
  • Probiotics
  • Cholestyramine (binds toxin)
35
Q

Prevention of Enterotoxemia

A
  • Minimize stress
  • Change feed gradually
  • Wean at 3 weeks & not earlier
  • Use appropriate antibiotics
  • FIBER!!
36
Q

What causes Rabbit Syphilis?

A

Treponema cuniculi

(Treponematosis)

37
Q

Dx - rabbit syphilis

A
  • **Skin scraping **
    • Dark field microscopy
    • Silver stain
  • Serological testing (screening of rabbitries)
38
Q

Tx- rabbit syphilis

A
  • Usually self limiting
  • Injectable penicillin
39
Q

What should you do with the bunnies from a doe with Septic Mastitis?

A
  • Remove bunnies → DO NOT FOSTER
  • Bottle feed
40
Q

Cystic/Non-Septic Mastitis - Tx/Px

A

Ovariohysterectomy

41
Q

Why is it important to spay non-breeding does?

A

In order to avoid adenocarcinoma and cystic/non-septic mastitis

42
Q

What causes Tularemia/Rabbit Fever?

A

Francisella tularensis

43
Q

Which animals are asymptomatic for Tularemia (Rabbit Fever)?

Who shows clinically signs & gets it?

A
  • Wild animals
  • Rare in domestic rabbits & rodents –> will usualy show signs if infected
44
Q

Rabbit Fever - Transmission

A

​Breaks in skin, ingestion, inhalation, blood sucking vectors

ex) fleas, ticks

45
Q

What dz of rabbits is Zoonotic and Reportable?

(this is why you should be careful while doing necropsy)

A

Francisella tularemia/Rabbit Fever

46
Q

What causes Dermatophytosis (Ringworm)?

Why are we concerned?

A
  • *Trichophyton mentagrophytes *
  • Microsporum spp
  • Zoonotic! → wear gloves
47
Q

What is the agent of Cheyletiella (Walking Dandruff)?

Why do we care?

A

Cheyletiella parasitovorax (fur mite)

ZOONOTIC (humans, dogs, cats)

48
Q

Which drug is contraindicated for treatment of fleas in rabbits?

A

DO NOT USE FRONTLINE IN RABBITS (FIPRONIL)

49
Q

What dz forms granulomas in the brain of rabbits?

A

Encephalitozoonosis

(Encephalitozoan cuniculi)

50
Q

Important points about Rabbit Hemorrhagic Dz?

A
  • REBORTABLE
  • Highly contagious
  • Calicivirus
  • C/S:
    • anorexia
    • lethargy
    • pyrexia
    • spasms
    • SUDDEN DEATH

Exotics Master (22 decks)

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