Amphians Flashcards
What is a Urodele?
Characteristics?
Salamanders & Newts
- Gilled larvae form
- Temperate
- Neotenic

What are Caecilians?
Characteristics?
Amphiumas
- Tropical
- Enlongated Cylinders
- Eyes & Limbs → reduced or absent
- Live Birth

What is another name for Frogs & Toads?
Anuran
- Worldwide range
- 4 limbs
- NO tail
Where do Newts breed?
Water!!!!!
What is the Temp & Humidity of
TROPICAL amphibians?
75-84°F
70-95% humidity
What is the Temp & Humidity of
TEMPERATE amphibians?
65-75°F
60-90% humidity
What do Adult Amphibians eat?
Tadepoles?
- ONLY MEAT → Carnivores
- Any thing
6 Nutritional Dz’s of Amphibians?
- MND → nutritional & renal
- Obesity
- Thiamin Deficiency
- Gastric impactions
- Gout
- Lipid Keratopathy → fat eyes!!
What should you do when handling an amphibian?
Be Clean & wear gloves →
skin absorbs EVERYTHING
Which amphibians have cardiac glycosides in their skin?
- Marine toads
- CO River toads
(Bufadentienalides)
Which amphibians have NM Blockers in their skin?
Posion Dart Frog
(Mentallas)
Which 2 anatomical structures are fused to the vertebral column to aid in hopping?
- Pelvic girdle
- Pectoral girdle
Nervous system used by amphibians?
Lateral Line System
Can amphibians hear?
Yes, have well developed ears
What do amphibians use to protect themselves from predators?
UNKEN Reflex

What is amphibian sex called?
Amplexis
Morphogensis in Amphibians is controlled by what?
Implications?
- Thyroid gland
- NO BETADINE or IODINE based products → can turn them back into tadpoles
How do Amphibians breath?
(2)
- 75% through skin
- Rib excursion → don’t squeeze
Where can you get blood from an amphibian?
How much can you take?
- Ventral Abdominal vein
- Femoral vein
- Ventral Tail vein
- Lingual venous plexus
- Cardiac puncture → last resort
- 1% of BW → insulin syringes or capillary tubes are best
Why should you give injections in the front ½ of an amphibian’s body?
heptaic portal system
When do you TX amphibians for Parasitic infections?
ONLY if animal is critical
What can you use to TX parastitic infections in Amphibians?
Metronidazole
What do you use to TX Cestodes Infections in Amphibians?
Praziquantal
What do you use to TX Rhabdias in Amphibians?
Ivermectin
What dz is wiping amphibians out worldwide?
What does this effect?
- Chytridiomycosis (B. dendrobatidis)
- their keratin layer
TX Chytridiomycosis?
- Benzalkonium Chloride
- Itraconazole
- Doxy
What causes Red Leg in Amphibians?
Aeromonas hydrophilia
TX for Red Leg & Chlamydia psittaci?
- Amikacin
- Doxy
(BE AGGRESSIVE→ fix H2O quality & TX)
What are 2 good anesthestics for amphibian?
How do you give them?
- MS-222 (Finquel) → bath or IC
- Iso → gel or bath
Best way to monitor anesthesia in amphibians?
Doppler
Best way to U.S. an Amphibian?
- Immerse them in water → move probe off of them →Read image
(let H2O help you!)
Best way to TX toxicities in Amphibians?
FRESH H2O Bath
SX procedures for Amphibians?
- Paramedian
- Monofilament Suture → PDS
- Everting pattern