(R) Factors affecting river discharge Flashcards
Name all the factors which make a river less likely to flood
- parkland/grass
- contour ploughing
- deciduous forest/woodland
- rural area
- permeable/soft rock
- shallow gradient
- warm temperature
- light drizzle
Less or more likely to flood: warm temperature evaporates water (except in tropical climates)
less
Less or more likely to flood: cool winter conditions/ground frozen/ground baked hard following a drought
more
Less or more likely to flood: hard, impermeable rock (more surface run off)
more
Name all the factors which make a river more likely to flood
- concrete, pipes, gutters
- harvested, ploughed up and down
- deforestation
- urban area (tarmac)
- impermeable/hard rock
- steep gradient
- frozen/baked ground
- heavy or continuous rain
Less or more likely to flood: light drizzle - relief rainfall
less
Less or more likely to flood: heavy and continuous rainfall - frontal/convectional/monsoon
more
Less or more likely to flood: shallow gradient (leading to slower run off)
less
Less or more likely to flood: steep gradient (faster run-off)
more
Less or more likely to flood: soft, permeable rock (chalk, limestone)
less
Less or more likely to flood: rural area with little concrete/drains but with trees/vegetation
less
Less or more likely to flood: urban area with tarmac and drains
more
Less or more likely to flood: deciduous forest
less
Less or more likely to flood: deforestation, thin grass/moorland
more
Less or more likely to flood: contour ploughing, rough pasture (following the shape of the land)
less
there is less of a barrier created so soil erosion decreases, and water has more time to sink into the ground, meaning that more infiltration occurs
