Quizzes 1-4 Flashcards
All of the following are biological functions of the larynx except:
protectig the respiratory system from food and liquid
providing a amechanism for gas exchange
increasing intrathoracic pressure during exertion, coughing, and other bodily functions
controlling airflow in and out of the lungs
providing a mechanism for gas exchange
during phonation the muscularly determined position fo the vocal folds is
open
closed
closed
the vocal folds can be considered elastic because:
they cannot be deformed
once deforemed they stay in teh new posion indefinitely
after being deformed they return to thier normal configuration
of their cellular composition
after being deformed they return to their normal configuration
ndamental frequency of adult males vocal fold vibration is
100 Hz
True or False
Although longer and more massive vocal folds vibrate more slowly than shorter and less massive vocal folds raising pitch in an individula speaker is achieved primarily through stretching the vocal folds
true
the muscles of medial compression are the (blank) and the (blank)
posterior coricoarytenoids, lateral cricoarytendoids
posterior cricoarytenoids, interarytenoids
throvocalis, psterior cricoarytenoids
lateral cricoarytenoids, interarytenoids
lateral cricoarytenoids, interarytenoids
In the body-cover model of the vocal folds the “body” is considered to be the
epithelium
lamina propria
thryoarytenoid mucle (thyrovocalis portion)
thyroarytenoid muscle (thyrovocalis portion)
in the Body-cover model of the vocal folds, during vibration the body and cover
have different vibratory properties
always bibrate ias a single unit
must be stiff
must be tightly coupled
have different vibratory poperties
The body-cover model explains why the periodic wave produced by the vocal fold vibratio is
simple
complex
contains only one frequency
low-frequency
complex
the laryngeal specturum consists of (blank)
a single frequency ie the fundamental frequency
the fundamental frequency plus whoe-number multiples ofhte fundamental frequency
the fundamental frequency plus intervals of 200 Hz
the fundamental frequency and series of subharmonics
the fundamental frequency plus whole-humber multiples of the fundamental frequency
If the period of a sound wave is .25 ms what is its frequency?
4000 Hz
True or False?
A single air molecule can travel for hundreds of yards in response to the movement of an osscilator
False
If the 5th Harmonic of a complex periodic wave has a frequency of 600 Hz, the fundmental frequncy of the wave is:
125
150
200
100
125 Hz
In a complex periodic wave each frequency component is a whole-number multile of the (blank) of the wave
fundamental frequency
Two sound waves of the same frequency but different amplitudes are produced in phase. If these waves were combined, the resulting sound wave would:
a. have a higher amplitude than the first, but a lower amplitude than the second
b. have a higher amplitude than either sound wave
c. be out of phase, and there fore have a lower amplitude then either original sound wave
d. be silence
have a higher amplitude than either sound wave
What does Fourier analysis do?
a. takes a complex aperiodic wave and reduces it to a set of frequency components int eh time domain (ie showing changes over time)
b. takes a complex periodic wave and reduces it to a time-varying intensity signal
c. takes a complex periodic wave and reduces it to a set of simple sine waves at their respective amplitudes
d. re-calculates a complex periodic wave into a frequency x time display
takes a complex periodic wave and reduces it to a set of simple sine waves at their respective amplitudes
teh loudness ofa sound is objectively measured in dB, whichcan be based on physical measures of either intensity or pressure. Most individuals who study speech and/or hearing base dB on (blank)
intensity
pressure
pressure
aperiodic complex waves contain (blank)
one frequency component
a fundamental frequency and multiple frequencies that are harmonically related
multiple frequencies that are not harmonically related
requencies that are 180 degrees out of phase
multiple frequencies that are not harmonically related
in order to raise pich, the vocal folds must be stretched or elongated by the (blank) muscle
cricothyroid
When attempting to increase the intesity (loudness) of phonation it is important to increase resistance/tension in the laryngeal muscles so that the aerodynamic force of (blank) can be increased
subglottal pressure
The main muscles of the velopharyngeal closure are the (blank) and the (blank)
a. levator palatine, superior constrictor
b. middle constrictor, inferior constrictor
c. palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus
d. stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus
levator palatine, superior constrictor
True or False
The resonatign cavities of the vocal tract (with one excepton) are variable in size
true
The extrinsic musle of the tongue most important for positioning the tongue correctly for the /i/ sound is:
styloglossus
hyoglossus
genioglossus
superior longitudinal
genioglossus
The extrinsic muscle of the tongue most important for positioning the tongue correctly forhte /u/ sound is (blank):
styloglossus
hyoglossus
genioglossus
superior longitudinal
styloglossus
Obicularis oris is most important in producing which vowel sound?
/i/
/u/
/a/
/u/
True or False
Decreasing the air pressure in the lungs results in inhalation
True
The pleural linkage causes:
rest breathing to occure
the pelvic adn pectoral girdles to support respiration
the ungs to expand or contract with rib cage and diaphragm movements
the medulla to be sensitive to concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in teh blood
teh lunds to expand or contract with rib cage and diaphragm movements
