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Speech Science > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is period?

A

the time (in seconds) to complete a cycle

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2
Q

What is frequency?

A

cycles per second (Hz)

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3
Q

What is the equation for period?

A

P=1/f

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4
Q

What is the equation for frequency?

A

F=1/P

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5
Q

What is the term for when amplitude decreases over time?

A

damping

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6
Q

Molecules that are together tightly are in a state of?

A

compression

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7
Q

Molecules that are more spread out are in a state of?

A

rarefaction

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8
Q

What happens with waves that are in phase?

A

They crest and trough at the same time

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9
Q

What happens with waves that are out of phase?

A

they crest adn trough at diffferent times

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10
Q

What happens when you add waves together that are out of phase?

A

they cancel each other out

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11
Q

What happens when you add waves together that are in phase?

A

They come together creating a wave with a higher amplitude

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12
Q

What is an example of an energy source that sets the source of vibration into motion?

A

respiration

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13
Q

What is an example of a vibrating source that creates a disturbance?

A

the vocal folds

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14
Q

What is an example of a medium that transmits the distrubance

A

air in the vocal tract

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15
Q

What is the lowest frequency of a complex periodic sound?

A

the fundamental frequency

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16
Q

In periodic complex waves all harmonics are whole number multiples of what?

A

the fundamental frequency or H1 (harmonic 1)

17
Q

What is a waveform?

A

representation of time on teh x-axis and amplitude on the y-axis showing how the overall amplitude of a complex wave varies over time

18
Q

What is a spectrum?

A

frequency on the x-axis and amplitude on the y-axis, it shows the amplitude of each harmonic or frequency component. It only shows a single time slice and is obtained by Fourier analysis

19
Q

What is an aperiodic wave?

A

a soudn that has random vibration and no repeatable pattern

20
Q

What is an example of an aperiodic wave?

A

clappling hands together once

21
Q

What is pitch?

A

a listener’s perceptual response (mainly) to frequency

22
Q

What is the range of hearing in a yound healthy adult?

A

20-20,000 Hz

23
Q

What are the range of requencies that are most important for perceiving speech?

A

100-8,000 Hz

24
Q

What is a phon?

A

a unit of equal loudness

25
Q

What is the speed of sound in air?

A

344 m/s

26
Q

At what decible level is approaching the pain threshold?

A

120 dB

27
Q

What is a dyne?

A

a measure of energy

Speech Science (14 decks)

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