Lecture 3

Question 1

What is the phase opening for loud voices?

Answer 1

short open phase and long closed phase

Question 2

What is the phase opening for soft voices?

Answer 2

long open phase

short closed phase

Question 3

What provides a periodic sound source for vowels and voiced consonants?

Answer 3

vocal fold bibration

Question 4

What provides an aperiodic sound source for vowels in speech?

Answer 4

noise at the glottis

Question 5

What are the cavities of the vocal tract?

Answer 5

nasal cavity

oral cavity

pharingeal cavity

Question 6

What muscles contract to narrow the pharynx?

Answer 6

Superior constrictors

middle constrictors

inferior constrictors

Question 7

The contraction of what muscle raises and widens the pharynx?

Answer 7

stylopharyngeus

Question 8

What are the major oral landmarks for speech?

Answer 8

teeth

alveolar ridge

velum (soft palat)

Question 9

What muscle is contracted to raise the velum?

Answer 9

levator palatini

Question 10

When levetor palatini is contracted and the velum is raised, what else happens?

Answer 10

the velopharyngeal (VP) port is closed

there is a seperation of the nasal and pharyngeal cavities

oral speeech sounds are created

Question 11

What else happens when levator palatini is relaxed and the velum drops?

Answer 11

the VP port is oped

ther is free air flow into the nasal cavity

nasal speech sounds can be created

Question 12

What muscles assist in opening the VP port during rapid connected speech?

Answer 12

palatoglossus

palatopharyngeus

Question 13

Wht muscle is used to bring the tongue up and back creating /u/?

Answer 13

styloglossus

Question 14

What muscle is brings the tongue down and back creating /a/?

Answer 14

hyoglossus

Question 15

What muscle brings the tongue up and forward for /i/?

Answer 15

genioglossus

Question 16

What muscle prings the tongue up?

Answer 16

platoglossus

Question 17

What muscle raises the tongue tip for /t/?

Answer 17

superior longitudinal

Question 18

What muscel lowers the tongue tip for /i/

Answer 18

inferior longitudinal

Question 19

What muscle runs superior-inferior and flattens the tongue body for /sh/?

Answer 19

Vertical muscle

Question 20

What muscle runngs from the left to right and narrows the tongue body?

Answer 20

transverse muscle

Question 21

What muscle encircles the lips and is used for bilabilal closures /p/, /b/, /m/ and for lip rounding /u/ and /w/

Answer 21

obicularis oris

Question 22

What musle draws the corners of the lips back and up? This helps in lip spreading for /i/

Answer 22

risorius musclee

Question 23

Which muscle draws the corners of the lips back?

Answer 23

buccinator

Question 24

What muscle helps to compress the lips for bilabiial sounds?

Answer 24

depressor anguli oris

Question 25

What is sounds?

Answer 25

a disturbance in a medium (ie air)

Question 26

What is a simple wave?

Answer 26

one frequencyt only - a pure tone

Question 27

What is a complex wave?

Answer 27

multiple frequencies all other sounds including speech

** most waves are complex waves**

Question 28

What are the characteristics of SHM (simple harmonic motion)?

Answer 28

pattern in vibration repeating itself- periodic

each cylce taking the same amout of time- period being constant

frequency is constant

graphic representatiion is a sine wave

Question 29

What are objects that move in SHM?

Answer 29

tuning fork

pendulums

Question 30

What is elasticity?

Answer 30

the tendency of a body to resist deformation and when deformed to return to its resting position

Question 31

What is inertia?

Answer 31

the tendency for motion or lack of motion oto continue or hte tendency of a body to keep going once it is set into motion or to stay motionless once movement stops

Question 32

What is displacement?

Answer 32

distance from resting position

Question 33

What is velocity?

Answer 33

speed

Question 34

What is acceleration?

Answer 34

change in velocity- when a direction change occures

** not just going fast**