Quiz Chapter 6

Question 1

Thermoduric medophiles

Answer 1

Can survive brief high temp during inadequate pasteurization and canning. Can result in food spoilage by thermodruric medophiles.

Question 2

Mycobacterium leprae

Answer 2

Grows in cooler area of body- extremities. Facial area, grond area. Grows slowly.

Question 3

Mesophiles

Answer 3

Temperature is moderate. Microbes optimum temp between 20-40 C

Human pathogens- internal body temperature

Question 4

Culture

Answer 4

Growth of microorganism in a culture medium.

Question 5

Pure culture

Answer 5

Descendants of a single cell and separated from others.

Question 6

Colony

Answer 6

Aggregation of cells arising from a single parent cell.

Question 7

Biofilm

Answer 7

Collection surface microbes living in a complex community.

Question 8

Physical

Answer 8

Temp./PH of medium/ light/ osmosis pressure.

Question 9

Chemical

Answer 9

Water/ trace/ nitrogen/ O2

Question 10

Minimum growth temperature

Answer 10

Lowest temperature at which spices will grow. Slow metabolism.

Question 11

Optimum growth

Answer 11

Species grows best at this temperture. Fast growth.

Question 12

Maximum growth

Answer 12

Highest temperature at which growth is possible.

Question 13

Syphilis

Answer 13

Grows in rabbits scrotum

Question 14

M. Lepra

Answer 14

Grows in Armadilo foot

Question 15

Neutrophils

Answer 15

Preferred PH range 6.5-7.5 internal cell PH.

Question 16

Acidophilus

Answer 16

Optimum PH below 5.5 preferred by many fungi

Question 17

Acid tolerant microbes

Answer 17

H. Pylori neutralizes stomach acid by secreting bicarbonate and urease an enzyme that converts urea to ammonia which is alkaline.

Question 18

Alkalinophiles

Answer 18

Opt. pH above 8.5

Found in alkaline soil and lakes.up to 11.5

Question 19

Obligate

Answer 19

Requires oxygen for growth

Question 20

Acidophilies

Answer 20

Opt. PH below 5.5

Thiobacillis ferrocidans

Question 21

Medophilies

Answer 21

Most human pathogen because they like moderate temperature.

Question 22

Osmosis

Answer 22

High to low

Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable to water molecules

Question 23

Remember

Answer 23

Living system is always water. During osmosis water movement is to the dryer side of the membrane.

Question 24

Plasmolysis

Answer 24

The procession which cell lose water in a hypertonic solution. If placed in a hypertonic solution then pressure increases to the point where the protoplasm of a cell wall peels away.

Question 25

Osmotic lysis

Answer 25

Occurred when the cell butts due to an osmotic imbalance that has caused excess water to move into cell. It occurs in hypotonic environment. Where water moves into the cell by osmosis.

Question 26

Hypertonic solution

Answer 26

Lower inside

Question 27

Hypotonic solution

Answer 27

Less solution outside

Question 28

Water in microbacterium tuberculosis growth

Answer 28

Tap water contains trace elements it is preferred over deionized water.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth are abundant in soil and water. The cell can retain water and withstand dry conditions.

Question 29

Adult urogenital system and yeast infection

Answer 29

Woman have natural acidity results from fermentation of carbs by normal resident bacteria.

If disrupted by antibiotics it results in higher PH and it allows yeasts to grow and lead to a yeast infection.

Question 30

Obligate acidophilus

Answer 30

Require acidic environment and die if the pH approaches 7.0, acid tolerant microbes merely survive in acid without preferring it.

Question 31

Thiobacillus

Answer 31

Grows in 0-2 pH in organic sulfur compounds.

Derives energy from oxidation of ferries iron to ferric io and reducded suffer compounds to sulfur acids.

Question 32

Most human pathogens belongs to which group?

Answer 32

Medophiles

because they like moderate temperatures.

Question 33

Blood agar and hemolysin

Difference between
Alpha, beta and gamma hemolysin.

Answer 33

Alpha-

Streptococcus pneumonia

Partially digests ( loses) blood cells, producing around its colonies a greenish brown discoloration denoted alpha-hemolysis.

Question 34

Chemically defined medium

Answer 34

Chemical composition is known
- has all required nutrients
(Glucose, salts) for the target microbes

• some may contain vitamins/ amino acids in known quantity.