Heart Flashcards
Superior/ inferior venae cavae
It received oxygen poor blood from veins
Right/ left pulmonary arteries
Carry blood to the lungs where oxygen is picked up and co2 is unloaded.
Pulmonary veins
Blood is returned to
The left side of the heart through the veins.
Pulmonary circulation
From the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart
Aorta
Blood returned to the left side of the heart is pumped out of the heart
Pericardium
The heart is enclosed by a double- walled sac.
Endocardium
Inner heart
Myocardium
Thick muscle
Pericardium
Surrounds the heart
Pericarditis
Infection of the outer heart
Intrinsic conduction system
That is built with in the heart tissue and sets the basic rhythm.
(SA) sink atrial node
The highest rate of depolerization in the whole system sets pace.
(AV) node
The junction of the atria and ventrivles😌
Heart block
Any damage to the SB mode can partially or totally release the ventricles from the SA node.
Ischemia
Lack of an adequate blood supply to the heart may lead to fibrillation a rapid suffering of the heart.
Tachycardia
Is rapid heart beats
Bradycardia
Heart rate that is substantially slower than normal.
Systole
Contraction of the heart
Mid to late diastole
Heart complete relaxation
Low pressure
AV valves are open
Ventricular systole
Intraventricular pressure in the ventricles is higher than the pressure in the arteries leaving the heart
Demi lunar valves and blood rushes out.
Lub
Is caused by the closing of the AB valves.
Dub
Occurres when the semilunar valves close at the end of systole
Infarction
Causing death to tissue typically from thrombus or embolus
Valvalumar stenosis
Valve becomes stiff and becomes endocarditis causing it to contract more then normal
Pericarditis
Viral but is caused by streptococcus or mycobacterium
Disastol
Heart fills up
Systolic
Blood through the rest of the body
Intrinsic conduction system
Base to apex
Power connected by intercellular disks
Down and up
SA cells
Build up positive charge and start depolerization when they reach a thresh hold that triggers them to release ca2 and k makes muscles contract
Depolerization
Action potiental
Reset
The time it takes to reset the threshold sets how frequent your heart beats.
SA cells
Positive charge Na
Depolerization triggers salts to rease ca and k
Potassium out resets
P wave
Depolerization of a trail contractle fibers
PQ interval
Atrium firing and ventricles going off.
PQ spike
AV node depolerization because a lot of muscle firing different voltage.
T wave
Resetting and relaxing
T ventricles
Repolarize potassium coming back in
Atrial cells
Best about 60 times per minute
Ventricular cells
More slowly ( 20-40 min)
Purkinje fibers
Spread within the muscle of the ventricle walls.
Heart block
Any damage to the AV node can partially or totally release the ventricles from the control of AV node.
SA node damage
Slower heart rate
Finrilation
A rapid uncoordinated shuddering of the heart
Average heart beat
75 times per minute
Mid to late distole
Passively into and through the atria into the ventricles
Semi lunar valves are closed
AV valves are open
Contract and force blood
Ventricle systole
Semi lunar forced open and blood rushes through
AV valves close
Altria relaxed and chambers fill with blood
Early diastole
Ventricles relax
Semilunar snap shut
Factors of the heart
Neural controls
Hormones and ions
Physical factors
Epinephrine
Mimics the effects of the sympathetic nerves.
Heart rate - heat
Heat increases heart rate by boosting the metabolic rate of heart cells
Congestive heart failure
Pumping efficiency of heart is depressed
Pulmonary edema
Fluids leak as pressures build into the lung tissue
