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General Bio 1 > Quiz 9.1-9.6 > Flashcards

Quiz 9.1-9.6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is photosynthesis?

A

the first step in energy flow through most of the living world

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2
Q

what is visible light?

A

a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum

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3
Q

how does radiation in the EM spectrum travel?

A

as waves

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4
Q

what is a wavelength?

A

the distance from one wave peak to the next

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5
Q

what are photons?

A

small particles of energy that make up light

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6
Q

what is the relationship between shorter wavelengths and longer wavelengths?

A

shorter wavelengths have more energy per photon

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7
Q

what happens to one electrons when a molecule absorbs a photon of light?

A

it become energized

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8
Q

after a molecule absorbs a photon of light and the electron is energized what happens?

A

the atom may return to ground state and energy is given off as heat or fluoresces or the energy of the electron leaves the atom and is accepted by an electron acceptor

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9
Q

what is the chloroplasts enclosed by?

A

an outer and inner membrane

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10
Q

what does the inner membrane enclose?

A

fluid filled stroma that contain enzymes required to produce carbohydrates

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11
Q

what is the third system of membrane suspended in the stroma?

A

thylakoids

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12
Q

what is the inside of a thylakoid called?

A

thylakoid lumen

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13
Q

what is a stack of thylakoids called?

A

grana

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14
Q

what do thylakoid membranes include?

A

pigments

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15
Q

What is the main pigment of photosynthesis?

A

chlorophyll

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16
Q

what lights does chlorophyll absorbs and reflect?

A

absorbs red and blue and reflects green

17
Q

what is chlorophyll a?

A

a blue-green the initiates light dependent reactions (forming the reaction center)

18
Q

what is chlorophyll b?

A

yellow-green, an accessory pigment

19
Q

what are carotenoids?

A

yellow and orange accessory photosynthetic pigments (absorbs different wavelengths from chlorophyll)

20
Q

what is the absorption spectra?

A

measures the efficiency of light absorptions (chlorophyll a and b)

21
Q

what is the action spectra?

A

measures the efficiency of photosynthesis

22
Q

what are the two phases of photosynthesis?

A

light dependent reactions and carbon fixation reactions

23
Q

what does the light dependent reaction do?

A

converts light energy to chemical energ, starts as soon as chlorophyll captures light

24
Q

where does the light dependent reaction occur?

A

the thylakoids

25
Q

what happens during the light dependent reaction?

A

an energized electron is transferred to an acceptor molecules and replaced by an electron from H2O, H2O is split into O2

26
Q

what are the products of the light dependent reaction?

A

Atp, NADH, and O2

27
Q

what is the carbon fixation reaction?

A

a reaction that fixes carbon ants from CO2 to existing skeletons of organic molecules

28
Q

what does the carbon fixation reaction do?

A

transfers energy from ATP and NADPH molecules from the light dependent reaction to chemical bonds in carbohydrates

29
Q

where does the carbon fixation reaction occur?

A

the storm of the chloroplast

30
Q

how many molecules make an antenna complex?

A

250-400

31
Q

what are clusters of antenna complexes called?

A

photosystems

32
Q

what is photo system 1’s absorption peak?

A

P 700

33
Q

what is photo system 2’s absorption peak?

A

P 680

34
Q

what does a pigment molecule in an antenna complex do?

A

absorbs a photon of light energy

35
Q

what is a primary electron acceptor in photosystem 2?

A

pheophytin

36
Q

how many electrons does the reaction center or photosystem 2 lose?

A

2

37
Q

what is photolysis?

A

the splitting of water

38
Q

what are the products of photosystem 2?

A

2 electrons, 2 H+, and 1 oxygen

General Bio 1 (14 decks)

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