Quiz 9 Flashcards
• Priming self-interest:
- Increases pro-environmental behaviour
- Decreases pro-environmental
behaviour
- Increases pro-environmental behaviour
only for those high in proenvironmental
belief
- None of the above- None of the above
• The efficacy of moral argument is…
- Culturally universal
- Normatively universal
- Audience dependant (punishment is
universal but morality is culture
specific)
- Audience independent- Audience dependant (punishment is
universal but morality is culture
specific)
• Pro-environmental individuals (tick all
that apply)
- Contribute more in public goods games
- Donate more to environmental causes
if they are being observed by an actor
which they will interact with again
- Use sustainable products as social
signals of altruism
- Provide genuine signals of their
cooperative behaviours
- Donate more to environmental causes if
they are being observed by an actor
which they will interact with again - Use sustainable products as social
signals of altruism
• Moral side-taking allows observers
(check all that apply)
- To avoid costly fights
- To take the same side as the majority
- Flexibility in the content of moral rules
- To act against kin relationships- To avoid costly fights
- To take the same side as the majority
- Flexibility in the content of moral rules
- To act against kin relationships
• Moral side-taking allows for
- Static coordination
- Dynamic coordination
- Altruistic coordination
- Unbounded coordination
- Dynamic coordination
• What do Palomo-Velez and van Vugt
(2021) state is a limitation of the status-
motive?
- Peoples pro-environmental behaviour
might be limited to the public space
- It can produce counter-active
behaviours, such as overconsumption of
green products
- The efficacy of status motive
interventions might be dependent on
individual differences in this motive
- All of the above
- All of the above
• Evolved sensory systems are..
- Accurate at picking up changes due to
climate change due to their fast
response time
- Accurate at picking up changes due to
climate change due to their slow
speed of the changes
- Inaccurate at picking up changes due
to climate change due to their slow
speed of the changes
- None of the above
- Inaccurate at picking up changes due
to climate change due to their slow
speed of the changes
• Increasing the salience of
environmental problem for individuals
offspring
- Decreases pro-environmental
behaviour
- Increases pro-environmental behaviour
- Results in targeted trade-offs
- Increases resource consumption- Increases pro-environmental behaviour
• Moral judgement is not necessary
(check all that apply)
- To cooperate
- To procreate
- To assess kinship
- To signal group adherence- To cooperate
- To procreate
- To assess kinship
- To signal group adherence
• Which of these are adaptive challenges
our palaeolithic ancestors had to face
(check all that apply)
- Protect and care for children
- Form cohesive coalitions
- Avoid communicable diseases
- Create a dedicated schooling system
- Protect and care for children
- Form cohesive coalitions
- Avoid communicable diseases
• Which of these is an essential
evolutionary mechanism related to
moral foundations (check all that apply)
- Kin selection
- Reciprocal altruism, direct and indirect
reciprocity
- Tool making
- Spatial reasoning
- Kin selection
- Reciprocal altruism, direct and indirect
reciprocity
• Wilkstorm (2017) argues that laws are
- Formalised moral rules
- Unrelated to morality
- Culturally universal
- All of the above
- Formalised moral rules
• Which of these are side-taking
strategies (tick all that apply)
- Alliance-building
- Pooling
- Seesawing
- Band-wagoning- Alliance-building
- Band-wagoning
• Generally, evolved decision
mechanisms focus on…
- Outcomes
- Actions
- Relatedness
- Distinctiveness- Outcomes
• Punishment for moral violations as a
mechanism is..
- Culturally relative
- Culturally universal
- Culturally derived
- Acculturated- Culturally universal
• Donations to environmental charities
are higher when made publicly is an
example of (check all that apply)
- Evolved motivation of status
- Evolved motivation of self-interest
- The evolutionary mismatch hypothesis
- The costly signalling theory
- The costly signalling theory
• Individuals tend to display a tendency
to
- Prefer temporally close rewards
- Prefer temporally distant rewards
- Prefer long term available rewards
- None of the above- Prefer temporally close rewards
• Haidt and colleagues have suggested
which moral foundations (tick all that
apply)
- Care/harm
- Fairness/cheating
- Loyalty/betrayal
- Authority/subversion- Care/harm
- Fairness/cheating
- Loyalty/betrayal
- Authority/subversion
• Maintaining alliances is
- Cheap
- Costly
- Obsolete
- None of the above
- Costly
• Which of these is NOT a moral
foundation according to Haidt et al.
(check all that apply)
- Care/harm
- Sanctity/degradation
- Self-transcendence/self-enhancement
- Authority/subversion- Self-transcendence/self-enhancement
• Which of the following have been
suggested as evolutionary motivations
behind individuals environmental
behaviours?
- Status
- Self-interest
- Temporal myopia
- Temporal hyperopia- Status
- Self-interest
- Temporal myopia
• Criminal offences that undermine, or are
seen to undermine the social cohesion
and flourishing of coalitions are related
to what foundations?
- Authority/subversion
- Fairness/cheating
- Care/harm
- Loyalty/betrayal
- Loyalty/betrayal
• What conclusions did DeScioli (2016)
draw about the side-taking hypothesis
(check all that apply)
- It helps us understand why people
blame and punish perceived
wrongdoers
- It cannot helps us understand why
people blame and punish perceived
wrongdoers
- It helps us understand why moral
condemnation can damage
relationships and societies
- It cannot helps us understand why
moral condemnation can damage
relationships and societies- It helps us understand why people
blame and punish perceived
wrongdoers
- It helps us understand why moral
condemnation can damage
relationships and societies• Libermann et al. (2018) suggested that
disgust system addresses which
adaptive problems (check all that apply):
- What to eat
- What to touch
- With whom to have sex
- With whom to talk
- What to eat
- What to touch
- With whom to have sex
• Why is moral judgement beneficial for
third parties?
- Helps third parties get revenge
- Helps third parties to always choose the
conscience side of a fight
- Helps third parties to minimise their
costs by opposing the actor that
committed the most morally wrong
action
- All of the above
- Helps third parties to minimise their
costs by opposing the actor that
committed the most morally wrong
action
• Temporal discounting in the
environmental space can be decreased
by (check all that apply)
- Real nature exposure
- Exposure to natural photographs
- Exposure to urban environments
- Temporal discounting is fixed- Real nature exposure
- Exposure to natural photographs
• Individual condemnation of an action is
based on
- The perceived harm of the action
- The perceived benefits of the action
- The immediacy of the action
- None of the above- None of the above
