Quiz 6

Question 1

What has been argued by Ruth and Dicke (2005) to be uniquely human cognition? (tick all that apply)

Tool manufacturing and tools use, self-awareness, deception, theory of mind.

Answer 1

All of them.

Question 2

Black-capped chickadee chicks from harsher climates compared to chicks from milder climates have (check all that apply)

Answer 2

More accurate spatial memory, faster habituation, more numerous hippocampal neurons and more rapid innovative problem solving.

Question 3

The tendencies to hoard food and later return to these caches is an indication of

Answer 3

Spatial memory

Question 4

The study by Krupenye et al. (2016) found

Answer 4

Might have been evolved prior to humans split from apes on the pyhlogenetic tree

Question 5

Which of these are limitations in testing bird cognition in the lab that Rachael described in lectures? (tick all that apply)

Answer 5

It can be difficult to understand the ecological context for the cognitive traits shown in the lab, it can be difficult to understand how selection may have given rise to abilities found in the lab and non-human animals can be neophobic so it can take a while to adjust to novel objects and lab environments.

Question 6

In the first lecture, Rachael used a goose as an example of a fixed action pattern. Why might the goose not display intelligence in this example?

Answer 6

When the egg is removed from the goose, the behaviour of moving the egg continues

Question 7

At what age do infants pass traditional false belief tasks

Answer 7

4

Question 8

If a new prey species would be introduced into an environment, existing predators in the area with a steeper learning curve for new prey cues would likely have

Answer 8

Higher fitness

Question 9

Intensity of seasonal variation

Answer 9

Predicts variation in birds cognitive traits

Question 10

According to Rachael, can you teach an old kaka new tricks?

Answer 10

Yes, if it’s a completely new trick

Question 11

What is the major flaw that Rachael talks about in relation to ToM in apes? (tick all that apply)

Answer 11

Think I ticked three :(

The false belief tasks cannot be replicated in humans, may not be measuring theory of mind :)

NOT that they have not tested enough apes to be sure.

Question 12

Greater innovative problem solving in great tits is related to (select all that apply)

Answer 12

Greater clutch size and number of fledgelings

Question 13

Birds that are good problem solvers have

Answer 13

Smaller home range

Question 14

Why did early chimpanzee ToM tests fail?

Answer 14

Low Ecological validity

Question 15

Where is man placed on Aristotle’s Scala Naturae

Answer 15

Top

Question 16

More accurate spatial memory of male Toutouwai was associated with…

Answer 16

More fledglings per nest and more independent young.

Question 17

When does caching behaviour start in Toutouwai?

Answer 17

Approx. 5 weeks

Question 18

Male jays catering to female desire when food sharing indicates…

Answer 18

Male jays pay attention to female jays state satiety when they see what they have eaten and evidence of desire state attribution.

NOT due to males reading their behaviour or that they like to please the experimenter!

Question 19

Comparative psychologists believe that behaviour is influenced by

Answer 19

experience and development.

Question 20

Morand-Ferron and Quinn (2015) suggest that ____ is a potential confound when examining the link between cognition and fitness.

Answer 20

personality

Question 21

Which tests were part of the toutouwai test battery as described in lectures?

Answer 21

Motor task, colour discrimination, symbol discrimination.

Not mirror test.

Question 22

What did the development of non-verbal tasks allow?

Answer 22

The testing of non-human animals and younger children.

Not the testing of false belief in adults or plants

Question 23

Krupenye et a. (2016) conclude that…

Answer 23

Apes have implicit understanding of false beliefs.