Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Animal Physiology > quiz 7 > Flashcards

quiz 7 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the fuction of an arteriole

A

regulate blood flow into tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how is fluid forced through capillaries

A

by filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

why is filtration through capillaries important

A

its a way of moving material from blood to tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the function precapillary sphinter

A

regulate blood flow into a tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does a precapillary sphinter consist of

A

a bulb at the end of a capillary that controls blood flow into capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the difference between veno and vasoconstriction

A

vaso in artery veno in veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the function of a vein

A

returns blood to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what about the internal anatomy of a vein is large

A

the lumen is large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does it mean that some veins have one way stop valves

A

have cup shaped valves to close and stop the flow of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is artery or vein system high pressure

A

artery is high pressure, vein is low pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what changes about the resistance in venoconstriction versus venodilation

A

the resistance levels do not change in veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what kind of input controls venodilation or venoconstriction

A

sympathetic input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what controls venodilation or venoconstruction

A

CV center in the medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is impacted most by venodilation and venoconstriction

A

resevoir capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is venoconstriction

A

descrease resevoir, increase venous return

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is venodilation

A

increase resevoir, decrease venous return

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which veno has the lower sympathetic activity

A

venodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how do veins have a low resistance

A

due to large lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is a change in venous return correlated with in the heart

A

end diastolic volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are vericose veins due to

A

degredation of valves in veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what increases venous return

A

venoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

when is venoconstriction increased

A

when exercising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

where is the majority of systemic blood located in the body

A

in the venous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

when is the majority of the blood not in the veins

A

when exercising (need to remove more co2 and bring in o2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
why can capillaries have a very small portion of blood
because they have a huge surface area to allow for gas exchange dynamics
26
surface area is directly proportional to _______
flow rate
27
what is the function of a peristaltic pump
continuous cycles
28
what has largest overall influence in blood pressure
diastole
29
what would the mean value for resting be if 120 and 80 and why
it would be 90 because diastole is more influential than systole
30
why are mammalian RBC shaped weird
due to endotermic needs due to oxygen demands that are critical for endothermy
31
how much of vertebrate blood is made of up formed elements
10-50%
32
what are the 3 cellular fractions to vertebrate blood
red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
33
what is the dominant formed element in vertebrates
red blood cells
34
how many hemoglobin molecules are found in one RBC
270 million
35
what vertebrate fish lacks hemoglobin
channichthyidae
36
what carbon derivative is in red blood cells
carbonic anhydrase
37
how many RBC are in adult human
20-30 trillian (4-5million per cubic mm)
38
what happens to RBC when they mature
they eject their nucleus and become anucleate
39
what is the proper name for the shape of RBC
biconcave
40
what is the function of WBC
defense, phagocytosis (5 types)
41
what is the function of platelets
hemostasis
42
what are the two most common names for blood
blood or hemolymph
43
what is blood/hemolymph
circulating fluid in cardiovascular system
44
what is the common slang term for RBC
little bags of hemoglobin
45
what is the purpose of carbonic anhydrase
gas transport in blood
46
what does carbon anhydrase catalyze
the reaction of water and carbon dioxide to produce carbonic acid
47
how do channichthyidae function without hemoglobin
use o2 in extracellular fluid in blood
48
what is another name for a platelate
thrombocyte
49
what does it mean that platelets work in hemostassi
they have mechanisms to stop blood loss
50
what is the order of formed elements in abundancy
most is RBC, platelete, then WBC is least abundant
51
what is the life span of an erythrocyte
100-120 days
52
what is another name for an erythrocyte
RBC
53
what engulfs dying RBC and where
macrophages in the spleen
54
what is the function of the spleen
resevoir for RBC and the removal site needed for recycling of organic elements
55
when an erythrocyte is destroyed what happens
heme and globin are separated, iron reused
56
what happens to the heme upon degredation
heme degraded to bilirubin (yellow)
57
where is bilirubin secreted from and to
secreted from liver into into bile for intestines
58
what is the body of feces
stercobilin
59
what happens to globin when RBC degraded
metabolized into amino acids
60
how is globin broken down for amino acid use
broken down by hydrolysis
61
what is anemia
blood has abnormally low o2 carrying capacity
62
what does it mean that in anemia blood has a low o2 carrying capacity
blood levels cant support normal aerobic metablism
63
what are the symptoms of anemia
fatigue, pleness, shortness of breath, chills
64
anemia is a ___ not a ____
symptom, disease
65
what produces new formed elements
bone marrow
66
what are the three kinds of anemia due to insufficient RBC
hemolytic, aplastic, hemorrhagic
67
what is hemolytic anemia
RBC repture in blood rpematurely
68
what is aplastic anemia
destruction or inhibition of red bone marrow
69
what is hemorrhagic anemia
acute or chronic loss of blood
70
when does acute blood loss occur
something sudden like an accident
71
when does chronic blood loss occur
gradual over time like an ulcer or a tumour
72
what are the causes for hemolytic anemia
genetic or parasitic
73
what is genetic hemolytic anemia
athallocemia
74
what parasite causes hemolytic anemia
malaria (protozoic: proliferate in RBC and burst RBC to hatch and spread youth)
75
what is an example of how aplastic anemia happens
excessive exposur to radiation
76
what are the two kind of anemia due to low Hb production
iron deficiency, pernicious
77
when can iron deficiency anemia occur
as a secondary result of hemorrhagic anemia or due to inadequite intake of iron containing foods, impaired iron absorption
78
what can cause iron absorpton to be impaired
chrons disease
79
when can pernicious anemia happen
not enough b12, tapeworm
80
how do you treat pernicious anemia
b12 injection or application of nascobal
81
why is anemia an issue
iron holds the oxygen in the blood and prevents enough packing of hemoglobin into RBC
82
what diseases result from abnormal hb structure
thalassemias and sickle-cell
83
what is thalassemias
absent or faulty globin chain
84
what is sickle-cell
crystalization dynamic causes shape change. crystalization due to defective gene code makes cells sickle shaped when in low o2
85
where are hemocytoblasts produced
bone marrow
86
what is the production of RBC called
erythropoieses
87
what regulates production of RBC
glycoprotein hormone ERYTHROPOIETIN
88
where is erythropoietin made
kidneys
89
what is the name for the production of WBC
leukopoiesis
90
when does leukemia happen
abnormality in production of WBC
91
what is the term for the production of all formed elements
hematopoiesis
92
what kind of feedback dynamic is erythropoiesis
negative feedback dynamic
93
what is the primary component of blood
plasma
94
how much of blood is made of plasma
50-90%
95
what is plasma
water containing dissolved and suspended solutes
96
what makes up 80% of the solute in plasma
na and k
97
what is the most abundant organic compound in plasma
glucose
98
why are albumins needed in plasma
transport and osmotic pressure. brings fluid out of tissues from capillaries to prevent edema
99
what is the proper name for blood in insects and other invertebrates
hemolymph
100
waht percent of hemolymph is plasma
90%
101
what are the 4 formed elements in hemolymph
prohemocytes, plasmocytes, granulocytes, coagulocytes
102
what are prohemocytes
stem cells that can turn into other formed elements where needed
103
what are plasmocytes
phagocytes
104
what are granulocytes
store proteins and release srategically where and when needed
105
what are coagulocytes
act kind of like platelets. they rupture and trigger hemostasis

Animal Physiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions