Quiz 5 Qs Flashcards
Children’s latest questions are best exemplified by which statement below?
Wh questions
Three- and four-year old children’s misinterpretation of passive sentences such as The car was pushed by the truck probably reflects:
Their use of an English word-order strategy
Telegraphic speech is dominated by open class words
True
Children’s earliest questions are usually
Statements with rising intonation
Recent research using the preferential looking paradigm with very young children suggests that
language production lags behind comprehension
Children understand reversible passives earlier than they understand irreversible passives.
False
The word “with” would be considered
a closed class word
Most children enter the two-word stage when they are four years old
False
According to Brown’s guidelines for calculating a child’s MLU, compound words such as birthday should be _____________.
counted as a single morpheme
__________ allow the grammatical inflection of words and are used to change the syntactic class of words.
Morphemes
Middle class American parents generally socialize communicative competence in all of the following ways EXCEPT
Avoid playing simple games like “peek-a-boo”
When are children most likely to produce indirect requests?
when speaking to adults & peers of higher status
Which is a skill of pragmatics?
respond effectively to feedback
Caregivers influence communicative competence by
Modeling, Evaluating, Providing an anticipatory suggestion
All of the above
Children start learning to alternate turns while communicating with adults by
late infancy
We know that communicative competence is important. Which one is not a way teachers can foster communicative competence?
acknowledge fewer utterances
In some studies, fathers have been shown to be less tuned-in to their preschoolers’ communication than are mothers. According to the bridge hypothesis,
This prepares children to talk with people outside the family
Forms of language that vary according to participants, settings and topics are often called _____________ .
speech registers
When a child or even an adult attaches the phrase “would you please . . . as it would really help me” to a request is an example of which term listed below?
semantic mitigator
If a child is asked by an adult phone caller “Is your mother at home?” and the child answers “Yes” and hangs up the child has _________________.
missed the illocutionary meaning of the adult’s utterance
What skills are involved in communicative competence?
asking questions, making requests, telling stories, conclude conversations, initiate conversations, turn taking, appropriate tone of voice, when to use jargon, respond effectively to feedback, stay on topic, learn routines, maintain conversations
How are adult interactions different from preschoolers?
topics,
tone of voice,
volume requesting,
turn taking
Form a behavioral perspective the process of word learning involves
classical or associative conditioning
Follower’s of Chomksy’s linguistic theory are generally not inserted in:
individual differences in language They are interested in: -the acquisition of grammatical morphemes -linguistic parameters -internal representations of grammar
If a man menas to say “I’m on my way to the class” but actually says Im on my class to the way” this illustrates
the difference between competence and performance
Gopnik’s position basically asserts which of the following?
that specific cognitive changes are associated with specific language changes
The fact that there are too many possible sentences to learn in a short amount of time from a linguistic or nativistic perspective, defines:
learnability
The apparent correlation between he development of object permanence and “disappearance” words supports the ________.
Cognitive interactionist Approach
Studies of mothers talking to young children have shown
That mothers who use more CDS have children with more rapid language development.
Harold used to forget to return his library books on time. Then his mom started making him clean the toilet (which he hates doing) every time he returned a book late. As a result, Harold forgets less often to return his books late anymore. In operant conditioning, the change in Harold’s behavior resulted from
Positive punishment
The Language Acquisition Device (LAD) is an actual, physiological part of the brain.
False
One thing that has been proven about the Language Acquisition Device (LAD) is
NOT that it is a physiological part of the brain
NOT that is the only thing that can explain the rapidity of language learning int he later years
NOT that all normal children are born with one and it operates the same no matter the lang the child is exposed to (except eng and fre)
NONE OF THE ABOVE!!!!
Studies of siblings have tended to show that
Later-borns use more phrasal speech
Studies of the rate of language acquisition have shown that
Referential and expressive children achieve language milestones at the same age.
Which of these children is most likely to learn the names for body parts early in the course of language development?
A child with a referential linguistic style
Episodes of joint object attention have been shown to
Encourage production of more referential language
Frozen phrases are
Longer linguistic units that may be produced before true word combinations
Before the 1970s, child language research done by Chomsky was motivated almost exclusively by an interest in
The form or structure of child utterances
One problem cited with Nelson’s categories of children’s styles was
- The use of parental reports as the source of data,
- the failure to take into account the frequency of word use,
- the classification scheme of the words themselves
Nelson’s “expressive” children
Learned more pronouns and phrases than other children
Variation in language learning has always been of interest to child language researchers.
False
Referential children prefer nouns in their early speech
True
