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oceanography > quiz 5 > Flashcards

quiz 5 Flashcards

0
Q

:highest net primary productivity

:pulls highest amount of carbon out of atm or ocean and produce O2

A

coral reefs

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1
Q

diatoms draw in … to produce …

A

draw in CO2 to produce glucose

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2
Q

second to coral reefs in primary productivity

A

kelp beds

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3
Q

:keep habitat and ecosystem in balance

:elephants

A

keystone species

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4
Q

green house gases

A

CO2
methane :CH4
H20 vapor

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5
Q

allow visible light to pass thru which is absorbed by earth and released as heat, but hat cannot pass thru gases and is stuck on earth building up

A

green house gases

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6
Q

put carbon into atm

A

sources

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7
Q

remove carbon from atm

A

sinks

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8
Q

5 sources

A

1) weathering of limestone
2) volcanic activity
3) burning and decay of biomass
4) respiration
5) burning of fossil fuel

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9
Q

5 sinks

A

1) weathering of granite
2) photosynthesis
3) burial of biomass
4) deposition of carbonate sediments
5) CO2 dissolves in sea water

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10
Q

:more efficient green house gas than CO2

:created by breakdown of organic material

A

methane

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11
Q

:how eliptical an orbit is

:the closer to the sun, the more solar energy received

A

eccentricity

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12
Q

:tilt of earth’s axis
:determines seasons
:if zero–> no seasons

A

obliquity

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13
Q

:wobble of earth: like a spinning top
:caused by gravitational effects of sun and moon
:changes direction of tilt of Earth’s axis

A

Precision

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14
Q

important for life in ocean and is responsible for protein which is used by plants and animals

A

nitrogen

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15
Q

chemical process that creates ammonium nitrate

A

Haber-Bosch Process

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16
Q

4 components used for metabolism

A

1) Carbon
2) Nitrogen
3) Oxygen
4) Hydrogen

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17
Q

zone with photosynthesis and vision

A

euphotic zone

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18
Q

euphotic zone depth

A

down to 70m

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19
Q

zone with only vision

A

disphotic zone

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20
Q

depth of disphotic zone

A

to 600m

21
Q

zone of no vision

A

aphotic zone

22
Q

aphotic zone depth

A

below 600m

23
Q

relationship of solubility of gases and temp

A

as temp rises, solubility decreases

24
Q

population of organisms that can make and produce viable offspring

A

species

25
Q

a species gets divided into 2 species after being separated

A

allopatric speciation

26
Q

:mutations in sex cells, random
:neutral, insignificant
:negative
:postive

A

adaptation

27
Q

:determines if a mutation is neutral, positive, or negative

:isnt random

A

natural selection

28
Q

species develop similar characteristics to exploit similar resources

A

convergent evolution

29
Q

those that are able to best utilize their habitat survive

A

survival of the fittest

30
Q

:extremophiles

:live in acidic water, hot waters, rock, or extremely salty water

A

archaea

31
Q

:diatoms
:radiolarians
:forams

A

protista

32
Q

Linean Classification System

A 
\:King --> Kingdom
\:Philip --> Phylum
\:Called --> Class
\:Out --> Order
\:For --> Family
\:General --> Genus
\:Smith --> Species
33
Q

what has driven evolution

A

steady change (biology) and punctuated equilibrium

34
Q

:accumulation of genetic change creates new species over long periods of time

A

biology–> steady change

35
Q

species remain the same but change due to outside factors (climate change)

A

punctuated equilibrium (palentology)

36
Q

5 great mass extinctions

A

1) End of Ordovician
2) Late Devonian
3) End Permian
4) End Triassic
5) End Cretaceous

37
Q

cause of End Ordovician

A

climate change

38
Q

cause of Late Devonian

A

:unknown cause

:major change in oceans

39
Q

cause of End Permian

A

volcanic activity

40
Q

cause of End Triassic

A

climate change (cooling)

41
Q

cause of End Cretaceous

A

meteor impact

42
Q

largest mass extinction

A

End Permian –> 95% if species lost

43
Q

any organism that cant swim again 1 knot current

A

plankton

44
Q

:bloom in spring and summer
:cause red tide
:toxins arent harmful to shellfish, only humans
:cause amnesiac poisoning

A

dinoflagellates

45
Q

bloom is summer

A

coccolithophores

46
Q

productivity equation

A

02 in light bottle - O2 in dark bottle = Productivity (photosynthesis)

47
Q

:O2 production (photosynthesis) = O2 consumption (respiration)
:bottom of euphotic zone

A

consumption depth

48
Q

parts of kelp

A

hold fast –> at base
blades –> leaves
stipe –> stem
gas bladder

49
Q

where is kelp found

A

along coastlines

50
Q

oldest multicellular life

A

Ediacaran Fauna

51
Q

Burgess Shale fauna is from where

A

Canada

oceanography (9 decks)

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