quiz 4 Flashcards

(38 cards)

0
Q

study of sediments

A

sedimentology

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1
Q

involves looking at ancient earthquakes

A

paleoseismicity

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2
Q

**zone of turbulent water
:whirlpool
:occur in narrow bays

A

maelstrom

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3
Q

what causes tides

A

1) earth rotation: centrifugal force

2) gravitational pull of moon and sun

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4
Q

2 tidal bulges

A

1) moon pull on earth’s ocean (gravity bulge)

2) inertia of earth (inertia bulge)

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5
Q

highest high tides

lowest low tides

A

spring tides

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6
Q

lowest high tides

highest low tides

A

neap tides

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7
Q

:occur when earth-moon-sun line up

:constructive interference

A

spring tides

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8
Q

:occur during first quarter moon or third quarter moon

:destructive interference

A

neap tides

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9
Q

3 types of tidal patterns

A

1) diurnal tide pattern
2) semiurnal tide pattern
3) mixed tides

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10
Q

have 1 high and low tide Q24hrs

A

diurnal tide patterns

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11
Q

have 2 equal high and low tides Q24hrs

A

semiurnal tide pattern

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12
Q

have 2 unequal high and low tides Q24hr

A

mixed tides

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13
Q

:have no tides –> canceling of tides
:norther hemisphere
–> currents clockwise
–> tides counterclockwise

A

Amphidromic points

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14
Q

area of extreme tides

A

Macrotidal Regime

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15
Q

tide patterns preserved in the rock record

A

tidal rhythmites

16
Q

characteristics of coasts

A

steeper slope –> courser material

17
Q

features along the coast/ beach

A
  • ripples
  • rip current
  • rillmarks
  • swash marks
  • groins
  • layering in beach sand
18
Q

2 types of coasts

A

1) emergent coasts

2) submergent coasts

19
Q

***land is rising relative to sea level
:erosional coasts
:lose material

A

emergent coasts

20
Q

***land is sinking relative to sea level

:depositional coasts

A

submergent coasts

21
Q

what makes coasts submergent or emergent

A

1) tectonic forces
2) changes in sea level
3) changes in winds and currents

22
Q

glacially cut canyons that become flooded with sea water

23
Q

forms where a river meets the ocean or lake

24
3 dominating factors of deltas
1) rivers 2) tides 3) waves
25
example of river dominated delta aka bird foot deltas
Mississippi River
26
example of tide dominated delta
colorado river
27
example of wave dominate delta
Nile River
28
:live in warm, clear waters | :predatory and have zooxanthellae living their tissues
coral
29
:are photosynthetic | :give color to coral
zooanthellae
30
sediments stuck in roots of trees eventually develop into land
mangroove swamps
31
4 types of estuaries
1) Drowned river mount 2) Fjord 3) Lagoons 4) Tectonic
32
example of drowned river mount estuary
sydney harbor
33
created by barrier islands
lagoons
34
these have forces that lower or raise land
tectonic estuaries
35
In Japanese tsunami means
Harbor wave
36
This was the first scientifically studied earthquake and tsunami
Lisbon Portugal 1755
37
Why is the body count for tsunamis high
1) high % of people live near coast 2) no warning 3) time of day 4) force of water is extreme