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oceanography > last info > Flashcards

last info Flashcards

0
Q

:filter feeders
:colar cells have a flagellum that moves water
:have spicules

A

Porifera

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1
Q

3 present day fauna represented in Ediacaran fauna

A
  1. Jellyfish and Sea Pens
  2. Segmented worms
  3. Primitive members of phylum Arthropoda
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2
Q

sponges

A

Porifera

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3
Q

:have stinging cells
:once tentacles are touch, a sac filled with poison releases harpoons
:solitary or colonial

A

Cnidaria

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4
Q

jellyfish and corals

A

Cnidaria

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5
Q

:soft body
:scavengers
:parsitic
:predatory

A

worms

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6
Q

:have muscular foot

:clam, squid, chambered nautilus, octopus

A

Mollusca

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7
Q

clams

A

pelecypods

:bivalves

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8
Q

snails

A

gastropods

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9
Q

squid, octopus, chambered nautilus

A

cephalopods

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10
Q

:5 fold symmetry
:spiny skin
:water vascular system allows them to move

A

Echinoderms

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11
Q

starfish and sea urchins

A

Echinoderms

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12
Q

:grow by molting

:crabs, lobsters, shrimp

A

arthropods

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13
Q

:filter feeders

:body plan that show ancestry of many animals

A

tunicates

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14
Q

:earliest ancestor of vertebrates

:dorsal nerve cord

A

Amphioxus

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15
Q

Benthic zones

A 
Supralittoral
Littoral
Sublittoral
Bathyal
Abyssa
Hadal
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16
Q

zones by depth

A

Epipelagic
Mesopelagic
Bathypelagic
Abyssopelagic

17
Q

2 ways submarine canyons form

A
  1. turbidites
    • -> underwater landslides
  2. rise in sea level
    • ->rivers running across continental shelf at times of lower sea level which are flooded as sea level rises
18
Q

submergent coastlines features

A 
\:barrier islands
\:bay mouth bar
\:lagoons
\:tombolos
\:estuaries
\:long gently sloping beaches
19
Q

emergent coastlines features

A 
***southern california
\:cliffs
\:sea stacks
\:sea caves
\:headlands
\:blow holes
\:narrow steep beaches
20
Q

:swimmers

:can swim against a 1 knot current

A

Nekton

21
Q

live in neritic zone

A

plankton

nekton

22
Q

:dont drink water
:water gained by osmosis
:salt absorbed by gills
:large volume of urine

A

fresh water fish

23
Q

:drink water
:water lost by osmosis
:salt excreted by gills
:small volume of urine

A

salt water fish

24
Q

:live on surface of sea floor

:starfish

A

epifaunal

25
Q

:live in sea floor

:worms

A

Infaunal

26
Q

vagrant

A

mobile

27
Q

attached to sea floor

A

sessile

28
Q

marine resources

A
  1. physical resources
  2. marine energy
  3. biological resources
  4. nonextractive resources
29
Q

area of major fish production occurs

A

:coastal waters

:areas of upwelling

30
Q

more fish located in

A

area over continental shelves –> nutrient rich

31
Q

max amount of species that can be harvested w/o affecting future yields

A

max sustainable yeild

32
Q

fish stocks over harvested

A

over fished

33
Q

depletion of a species to the point it is no longer profitable to harvest

A

commercial extinction

34
Q

animals unintentionally killed when other species are being harvested

A

by catch

35
Q

mariculture (fish farming) is economically viable if

A

:marketable
:inexpensive to grow
:at marketable size w/in 1-2yrs

36
Q

international agreement that governs the use of the world ocean

A

law of the sea

37
Q

EEZ

A

exclusive economic zone

38
Q

3 main types of input pollution

A

:direct discharge –> dumping
:surface run off
:atmospheric pollution

39
Q

oceanic pollution examples

A

:deep sea mining
:acidification
:plastic debris
:noise pollution

40
Q

:increase in chemical nutrients in an ecosystem

:rivers that empty into oceans

A

Eutrophication

41
Q

caused the pacific garbage patch

A

Eckman transport

oceanography (9 decks)

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