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quiz 4 Flashcards

1
Q

oil rig

A

o - oxidation
i-is
l- losing H+

r=reduction
i=is
g= gaining H+

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2
Q

NADH is a

A

reduction reaction
-NAD —- NADH

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3
Q

by-product of NADH pathways

A

glycolysis, PDH, Krebs and beta oxidation

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4
Q

only glycolysis is outside of the

A

mitochondria

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5
Q

NADH goes to

A

mitochondria and ETC and ATP is made

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6
Q

FADH is a

A

reduction reaction
-FAD —- FADH2

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7
Q

by-product of FADH pathways

A

krebs and beta-oxidation

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8
Q

all FADH2 is produced inside

A

mitochondria

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9
Q

FADH2 goes to

A

mitochondria and ETC
-ATP is made

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10
Q

how do we get glycolytic NADH’s into the mitochondria and ECT

A

malate Asparte Shuttle
glycerol-phosphate shuttle

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11
Q

ETC is a

A

oxidative reaction

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12
Q

1 NADH is mitochondrial matrix =

A

2.5 ATP because of ETC

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13
Q

1 FADH in the mitochondrial matrix

A

1.5 ATP because of ETC

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14
Q

Reducing equivalents transfers

A

H and e into mitochondria]
-NAD stays outside

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15
Q

glycerol phosphate shuttle

A

transfers H and E into mitochondria to make ATP
-NAD stays outside
- NADH. to FADH
- to ETC in mitochondria

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16
Q

mitochondrial pathways

A
  1. PDH
  2. Beta Oxidation
  3. Krebs Cycle
  4. ETC
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17
Q

pyruvate dehydrogenase

A

links glycolysis and kreb cycle together

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18
Q

pyruvate is produced by glycolysis in

A

in the sarcoplasm

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19
Q

PDH converts pyruvate

A

to Acetyl-CoA

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20
Q

after PDH converts pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA

A
  1. uses CoA - substrate
  2. Makes NADH (can be used in the ETC)
  3. Makes CO2
  4. Acetyl-CoA enters Kreb cycle
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21
Q

a substrate of kreb cycle is

A

acetyl CoAQ

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22
Q

Kreb cycle does not have

A

O2

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23
Q

krebs cycle: 1 molecule of glucose =

A

= 2 turns of krebs cycle
-2 pyruvate then 2 acetyl CoA

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24
Q

substrates

A
  1. Acetyl CoA
  2. GDP/ADP
  3. 3 NAD
  4. 1 FAD
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25
Q

Products

A
  1. Oxaloacetate (OAA)
  2. GTP/ATP
  3. 3 NADH
  4. 1 FADH2
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26
Q

counting ATP for PDH–>pyruvate–>Acetyl CoA

A

1 NADH x 2.5 ATP = 2.5 ATP

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27
Q

3 NADH for one spin krebs cycle

A

3 NADH x 2.5 ATP = 7.5

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28
Q

1 FADH2 for one spin krebs cycle

A

1 FADH2 X 1.5 ATP = 1.5 ATP

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29
Q

1 GTP For one spin Krebs cycle

A

1 ATP

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30
Q

how many total ATP for one spin of Kreb cycle

31
Q

rate-limiting enzyme for Krebs cycle

A

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

32
Q

isocitrate dehydrogenase is inhibited by

A

ATP and NADH

33
Q

isocitrate dehydrogenase is activated by

A

ADP and NAD

34
Q

kreb cycle occurs in the

A

mitochondria matrix

35
Q

end molecule of kreb cycle is

36
Q

1 molecule glucose =

A

2 pyruvate and 2 acetyl CoA

37
Q

can i keep selling sex for money

A
  1. citrate
  2. isocitrate
  3. Alpha- ketogluterate
  4. succinyl CoA
  5. succinate
  6. Fumarate
  7. Malate
  8. Oxaloacetate
38
Q

slow path ways- Beta Oxidation occurs in the

A

mitochondrial matrix

39
Q

beta-oxidation breaks

A

breaks fatty acids down to Acetyl CoA
-no O2

40
Q

NADH produced by beta-oxidation

A

goes to ETC

41
Q

fatty acids is a

A

substrate of beta oxidation

42
Q

acetyl CoA is a

A

substrate going into the kreb cycle

43
Q

substrates for beta-oxidation

A

fatty acids, CoA, FAD, NAD

44
Q

products of beta-oxidation

A

Acetyl- CoA, FADh2, NADH

45
Q

integration of Beta oxidation and bioenergetics

A

acetyl CoA and reducing equivalents (NADH, FADH)

46
Q

slow pathways - ETC located in

A

mitochondrial matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane

47
Q

products of ETC

A
  1. NAD
  2. FAD
  3. H2O
  4. ATP
48
Q

ETC pumps H into intermembrane space

A

building gradient causes H to flow back into matrix via ATP synthase

49
Q

no O2 present

A

ETC unable to perform
O2 dependent ATP synthesis

50
Q

three pathways used in glucose oxidation

A
  1. glycolysis
  2. krebs cycle
  3. ETC
  4. PDH
51
Q

end products of incomplete oxidation of glucose

A

pyruvate and lactate
-during high intensity

52
Q

end products of complete oxidation of glucose

A

pyruvate to the mitochondria
-during low intensity
-substrate level phosphorylation =ATP

53
Q

glycolysis RE

54
Q

Linker enzyme of glycolysis

A

PDH, NADH, CO2, Acetyl -CoA

55
Q

ETC

A

oxidative phosphorylation to make ATP, NAD and FADH

56
Q

Krebs cycle RE

A

NADH and FADH2, CO2
substrate level phosphorylation =ATP

57
Q

what shuttle transport glucose

58
Q

3 main bioenergetics pathways used in fat oxidation

A
  1. krebs cycle
  2. ETC
  3. Beta oxidation
59
Q

all bioenergetics use ____ as fuel are found within the _____

A

fat and mitochondria

60
Q

possible fuels: blood fatty acids

A

dietary and adipose tissue and IMTG

61
Q

Mobilizing fatty acids from stored trig through

A

lipolysis (HSL)
-if adipose- then transport muscle
-if IMTG, then already in muscle

62
Q

events leading to using fat as fuel

A
  1. mobilize
  2. transport fatty acids to muscle
  3. transport fatty acids into muscle
  4. Activation
  5. transport into mitochondria
  6. oxidize
63
Q

transport fatty acids to muscle

A

albumin
-if IMTG then no albumin transport

64
Q

Transport fatty acids into the muscle cell

A

FATPs
FABP needed as a chaperone in cell (fatty acid binding protein)

65
Q

activation of fatty acids

A

Acetyl - CoA synthase uses ATP and adds CoA to fatty acids

66
Q

transport fatty acids into mitochondria

A

CPTS, acetyl -coA activates fatty acid and requires 2 ATP equivalents

67
Q

oxidize fatty acids

A

beta-oxidation (catabolic)
-makes 2- C acetylCoA from fatty acid
RE - NADH And FADH

68
Q

ETC uses NADH and FADH from

A

beta oxidation and kreb cycle

69
Q

how many times does beta-oxidation “spin”

A

of carbons/2 - 1

70
Q

how many actetly coA we get from fatty acids

A

of carbon/2

71
Q

beta oxidation =NADH and FADH

A

1 per spin

72
Q

FATPs increase the transport of blood FFA and increase amount of FFA due to

73
Q

low glycogen states =

A

increase use of protein as fuel

ex phis (13 decks)

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