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A&P REVIEW > quiz #3 - muscle tissue > Flashcards

quiz #3 - muscle tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Which characteristics describe both skeletal and cardiac muscle?

A

Striations

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2
Q

Which function do all three muscles perform?

A

Moving and storing material throughout the body

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3
Q

The outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is the…

A

epimysium

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4
Q

After the fusion of myoblasts, the muscle fiber loses its ability to…

A

go through mitosis

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5
Q

Which correctly lists the sequence of structures that action potentials must move through to excite skeletal muscle contraction?

A

Axon of neuron, sarcolemma, T-tubules

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6
Q

The contractile organelles of a skeletal muscle fiber are _____, which are composed of repeating units called _____

A

myofibrils; sarcomeres

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7
Q

Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered to begin when calcium is released from…

A

terminal cisterns of sarcoplasmic reticulum

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8
Q

Which region of a sarcomere contain thin filaments?

A

Both I band and A band

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9
Q

Myofibrils does NOT contain which type of proteins?

A

Tensile proteins

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10
Q

Which protein is used to reinforce the sarcolemma and help transmit the tension generated by the sarcomeres to the tendons?

A

Dystrophin

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11
Q

For crossbridges to occur, what events must happen?
a) ATPase breaks down ATP
b) Calcium ions be present in the sarcoplasm
c) Myosin binding sites be exposed
d) High amounts of sodium be present in the synaptic cleft
e) Acetylcholine be present in the synaptic cleft

A

a, b, c

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12
Q

At the neuromuscular junction, _____ must enter the synaptic end bulb to stimulate the release of _____ which binds to ligand gates so _____ can enter the muscle fiber

A

Calcium ions: ACh, sodium ions

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13
Q

Which ATP production would be sufficient to run in place for one minute?

A

Anaerobic cellular respiration

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14
Q

Why would cardiac muscles have longer refractory periods than skeletal muscles?

A

To preserve the normal rhythm of the heart and prevent fatigue

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15
Q

World class shot-putters will have a higher percentage of _____ in their arm muscles

A

fast glycolytic fibers

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16
Q

Which microscopic structure is found only in the cardiac muscle tissue?

A

Intercalated discs

17
Q

Smooth muscle tone is maintained by the prolonged presence of _____ in the muscle cell’s cytosol

A

calcium ions

18
Q

Which disorder occurs when little to no proteins are produced to support the sarcolemma?

A

Muscular dystrophy

19
Q

When an athlete performs a pull up (raising their chin to a bar while their body hangs), the process of pulling the body up so the chin can touch the bar is…

A

concentric

20
Q

Strength training would result in…

A

hypertrophy of fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers

21
Q

Mitochondrial activity in skeletal muscle cells are usually efficient, but can have limited ATP production if…

A

there is limited O2 availability

22
Q

After prolonged strenuous exercise has stopped, heavy breathing will often continue for several minutes in order to provide the oxygen needed to…

A

ALL OF THE ABOVE

-replace oxygen displaced from muscle myoglobin
-convert the lactic acid produced during exercise back into glycogen
-resynthesize creatine phosphate

23
Q

Cross bridges are formed during muscle contraction when _____ binds to _____

A

myosin; actin

24
Q

In a neuromuscular junction, the effect of acetylcholine (ACh) binding to receptors on the motor end plate lasts only briefly due to…

A

rapid destruction of ACh in the synaptic cleft by acetycholinesterase

25
Q

Muscle damage can be indicated by…

A

myoglobin found in blood

26
Q

Predict what happens if you treat the patient with a drug that inhibits the activity of acetylcholinesterase?

A

The drug will increase contraction

27
Q

Writer’s cramp can occur in Anatomy and Physiology lecture class. What factor would most likely contribute to the muscles not being able to relax?

A

A deficit of ATP keeping myosin from detaching

28
Q

An action potential depolarizes the synaptic end bulb, which causes openings of… and _____

A

sodium ions???

29
Q

matching: fascia

A

wraps around groups of muscles

30
Q

matching: epimysium

A

encircles muscle

31
Q

matching: perimysium

A

encircles fascicles

32
Q

matching: endomysium

A

separates mm fibers

33
Q

Why will an individual who lifts weights build larger muscles?

A

Skeletal muscles increase number of myofibrils but not number of cells

34
Q

matching: Slow oxidative

A

Resists fatigue

35
Q

matching: Fast Oxidative Glycolytic

A

Uses aerobic and anaerobic

36
Q

matching: Fast Glycolytic

A

Lowest myoglobin content

A&P REVIEW (8 decks)

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