quiz #3 - muscle tissue Flashcards
Which characteristics describe both skeletal and cardiac muscle?
Striations
Which function do all three muscles perform?
Moving and storing material throughout the body
The outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is the…
epimysium
After the fusion of myoblasts, the muscle fiber loses its ability to…
go through mitosis
Which correctly lists the sequence of structures that action potentials must move through to excite skeletal muscle contraction?
Axon of neuron, sarcolemma, T-tubules
The contractile organelles of a skeletal muscle fiber are _____, which are composed of repeating units called _____
myofibrils; sarcomeres
Skeletal muscle contraction is triggered to begin when calcium is released from…
terminal cisterns of sarcoplasmic reticulum
Which region of a sarcomere contain thin filaments?
Both I band and A band
Myofibrils does NOT contain which type of proteins?
Tensile proteins
Which protein is used to reinforce the sarcolemma and help transmit the tension generated by the sarcomeres to the tendons?
Dystrophin
For crossbridges to occur, what events must happen?
a) ATPase breaks down ATP
b) Calcium ions be present in the sarcoplasm
c) Myosin binding sites be exposed
d) High amounts of sodium be present in the synaptic cleft
e) Acetylcholine be present in the synaptic cleft
a, b, c
At the neuromuscular junction, _____ must enter the synaptic end bulb to stimulate the release of _____ which binds to ligand gates so _____ can enter the muscle fiber
Calcium ions: ACh, sodium ions
Which ATP production would be sufficient to run in place for one minute?
Anaerobic cellular respiration
Why would cardiac muscles have longer refractory periods than skeletal muscles?
To preserve the normal rhythm of the heart and prevent fatigue
World class shot-putters will have a higher percentage of _____ in their arm muscles
fast glycolytic fibers
Which microscopic structure is found only in the cardiac muscle tissue?
Intercalated discs
Smooth muscle tone is maintained by the prolonged presence of _____ in the muscle cell’s cytosol
calcium ions
Which disorder occurs when little to no proteins are produced to support the sarcolemma?
Muscular dystrophy
When an athlete performs a pull up (raising their chin to a bar while their body hangs), the process of pulling the body up so the chin can touch the bar is…
concentric
Strength training would result in…
hypertrophy of fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers
Mitochondrial activity in skeletal muscle cells are usually efficient, but can have limited ATP production if…
there is limited O2 availability
After prolonged strenuous exercise has stopped, heavy breathing will often continue for several minutes in order to provide the oxygen needed to…
ALL OF THE ABOVE
-replace oxygen displaced from muscle myoglobin
-convert the lactic acid produced during exercise back into glycogen
-resynthesize creatine phosphate
Cross bridges are formed during muscle contraction when _____ binds to _____
myosin; actin
In a neuromuscular junction, the effect of acetylcholine (ACh) binding to receptors on the motor end plate lasts only briefly due to…
rapid destruction of ACh in the synaptic cleft by acetycholinesterase
Muscle damage can be indicated by…
myoglobin found in blood
Predict what happens if you treat the patient with a drug that inhibits the activity of acetylcholinesterase?
The drug will increase contraction
Writer’s cramp can occur in Anatomy and Physiology lecture class. What factor would most likely contribute to the muscles not being able to relax?
A deficit of ATP keeping myosin from detaching
An action potential depolarizes the synaptic end bulb, which causes openings of… and _____
sodium ions???
matching: fascia
wraps around groups of muscles
matching: epimysium
encircles muscle
matching: perimysium
encircles fascicles
matching: endomysium
separates mm fibers
Why will an individual who lifts weights build larger muscles?
Skeletal muscles increase number of myofibrils but not number of cells
matching: Slow oxidative
Resists fatigue
matching: Fast Oxidative Glycolytic
Uses aerobic and anaerobic
matching: Fast Glycolytic
Lowest myoglobin content
