quiz #1 - cellular level

Question 1

What are the three main parts of a human body cell?

Answer 1

plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

Question 2

The three main components of the lipid bilayer portion of a plasma membrane are…

Answer 2

phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids.

Question 3

Which type of membrane protein extends across the entire lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane touching both intracellular fluid and the extracellular fluid?

Answer 3

Transmembrane protein

Question 4

Plasma membranes are ___, which means that some chemicals move easily through plasma membrane while other chemicals do not.

Answer 4

selectively permeable

Question 5

Which of the following is a measure of a solution’s ability to change the volume of cells by altering their water content?

Answer 5

tonicity

Question 6

In this type of transport process, a solute (e.g. glucose) binds to a specific carrier protein on one side of the membrane. This binding induces a conformational change in the carrier protein that results in the solute moving down its concentration gradient to the other side the membrane.

Answer 6

facilitated diffusion

Question 7

If the solute concentration is greater inside of the cell than outside the cell, water will move by osmosis…

Answer 7

into the cell

Question 8

Which of the following tranport processes uses vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane to secrete materials into the extracellular fluid?

Answer 8

exocytosis

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cytosol?

Answer 9

also known as extracellular fluid

Question 10

A sperm cell is the only type of human cell that contains a _____ which is a whip-like structure that helps propel the sperm towards an oocyte

Answer 10

flagellum

Question 11

Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles is the site of synthesis of membrane proteins and secretory proteins?

Answer 11

rough ER

Question 12

Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles contains several oxidases that are involved in oxidation of fatty acids and amino acids during normal metabolism and in detoxification of chemicals like alcohol in the liver?

Answer 12

Peroxisomes

Question 13

The major function of mitochondria is to…

Answer 13

generate ATP

Question 14

During this phase of cell division, organelles duplicate & centrosome replication begins

Answer 14

Interphase

Question 15

During this phase of cell division, the centromeres split leading to separation and subsequent migration of the two members of a chromatid pair to opposite poles of the cells. The cleavage furrow also begins to develop during this phase.

Answer 15

Anaphase

Question 16

Most intravenous solutions are ____ with respect to blood cells

Answer 16

isotonic

Question 17

Which of the following transport processes moves substances through cells using endocytosis on one side of a cell & exocytosis on the opposite side of the cell

Answer 17

Transcytosis

Question 18

Which organelle is responsible for synthesis of steroids, phospholipids and functions as a reservoir for Ca2+ in muscle cells?

Answer 18

smooth ER

Question 19

A cell lacking ribosomes would be unable to make what organic compound?

Answer 19

Proteins

Question 20

The difference in concentration of a specific chemical, like Na+, on the inside and outside of a plasma membrane is referred to as…

Answer 20

concentration gradient

Question 21

An orderly, genetically programmed cell death is referred to as ____ while disorganized pathological cell death is referred to as ____

Answer 21

apoptosis; necrosis

Question 22

What is a key difference between meiosis and mitosis in terms of genetic outcomes?

Answer 22

Meiosis results in the production of gametes with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, while mitosis results in identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Question 23

This is characterized as the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells

Answer 23

cancer

Question 24

Which of the following is mismatched?

Answer 24

Cytosol - contains a single molecule of DNA

Question 25

Steepness of the concentration gradient, increase in temperature, and surface area of the membrane:

Answer 25

Can all influence the rate of diffusion