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Repro Phys > Quiz 2 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

cells with cytoplasmic granules that stain readily with acid dyes.

A

acidophils

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2
Q

a substance that can bind to a receptor and act like a native substance resulting in the normal physiologic response

A

Agonist

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3
Q

a substance that inhibits the normal action of a hormone or native substance

A

antagonist

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4
Q

hormones with masculinizing properties

A

androgen

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5
Q

when a hormone stimulates the same cell from which it is secreted

A

autocrine communication

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6
Q

a group of cells containing granules which stain readily with basic dyes

A

Basophil

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7
Q

Qualitative or quantitative determination of a substance using living biological material

A

Bioassay

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8
Q

Failure of the mammalian testes to descent into the scrotum

A

cryptorchidism

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9
Q

decrease in the number of receptors on a target tissue

A

down regulation

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10
Q

the study of the actions and interactions of the secretions of the endocrine glands

A

Endocrinology

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11
Q

Secretion of a hormone from an endocrine gland which is transported in the blood to a target organ

A

Endocrine secretion

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12
Q

A gland that secretes its product directly into the blood instead of into ducts

A

Endocrine gland

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13
Q

That which originates within the body

A

endogenous

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14
Q

a protein capable of accelerating some biochemical change in its substrate for which it is usually specific

A

Enzyme

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15
Q

Hormones that promote estrus and stimulate secondary sexual characteristics in females

A

Estrogen

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16
Q

Secretion of a product into a duct

A

Exocrine secretion

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17
Q

That which is introduced into the body from outside

A

Exogenous

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18
Q

Can be positive or negative. a physiological mechanism by which the secretion of a hormone from a target organ is either inhibited or stimulated when the circulating concentration of the hormone attains a specific level

A

Feedback

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19
Q

protein conjugated with a carbohydrate group

A

glycoprotein

20
Q

a primary sex gland, an ovary or testis

A

Gonad

21
Q

the time required for one half of a substance to be cleared from the body

A

half-life

22
Q

Maintenance of a constant internal environment. This is the goal of physiological mechanisms

A

Homeostasis

23
Q

A chemical signal that is secreted directly into the blood by an endocrine gland and that elicits a physiological response from a target tissue

A

Hormone

24
Q

a reduction in the number of receptors for a specific hormone

A

hormone receptor down regulation

25
Q

removal of the hypophysis (pituitary) by surgery

A

Hypophysectomy

26
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Hypophysis

27
Q

a collection of nerve cell bodies in a specific location within the hypothalamus that control a physiological response

A

Hypothalamic nucleus

28
Q

when a hormone stimulates a cell without being secreted

A

intracrine communication

29
Q

an enzyme that phosphorylates a protein

A

kinase

30
Q

any substance that binds specifically and reversibly to another chemical entity

A

Ligand

31
Q

A protein conjugated with a lipid

A

lipoprotein

32
Q

a hormone or signal that promotes the maintenance and function of a corpus luteum

A

luteotropin

33
Q

a hormone or signal that causes the corpus luteum to regress (luteolysis)

A

Luteolysin

34
Q

The development of form; the development undergone by an organism to approximate to the type of its species

A

morphogenesis

35
Q

the science of the form and structure of organisms

A

Morphology

36
Q

a hormone that is secreted directly from a neuron into the blood

A

Neurohormone

37
Q

when a hormone stimulates an adjacent cell without entering the blood

A

paracrine communication

38
Q

addition of a phosphate group to a protein

A

Phosphorylation

39
Q

the science which deals with the functions of the living body and its organs

A

physiology

40
Q

a hormone that has biological activity similar to progesterone

A

Progestogen

41
Q

a molecular biology term in which a signal outside a cell causes a response inside the cell

A

signal transduction

42
Q

a group name for compounds that chemically resemble cholesterol

A

steroid

43
Q

the synthesis of a steroid by a cell

A

steroidogenesis

44
Q

the joint action of two or more hormones or structures so that their combined effect is greater than the sum of their individual affects

A

Synergism

45
Q

an organ that is able to respond to a hormone

A

target organ

Repro Phys (15 decks)

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