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Microbiology lab > quiz 2-18-14 > Flashcards

quiz 2-18-14 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the scientific name for the yeast causative agent, that causes thrush?

A

Candida albicans

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2
Q

what is the genius name for the fungus responsible for athlete’s foot and ring worm?

A

Tinea

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3
Q

name a beneficial product of funguses

A

cheese, bread, alcoholic beverages, antibiotics

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4
Q

how are fungi agriculturally important?

A

they control nematodes and have a symbiotic relationship with plants

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5
Q

how are fungi environmentally important?

A

they are decomposers and have the ability to degrade and recycle complex organic molecules that would other wise never breakdown

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6
Q

what type of cells are fungi?

A

Eukaryotic cells

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7
Q

fungi that can exist in two forms, either molds or yeasts are known as what?

A

dimorphism

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8
Q

what type of fungus are single cells?

A

yeasts

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9
Q

what type of fungus is multicellular?

A

molds

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10
Q

what is the filamentous strands called

A

hypha (singular) hyphae (plural)

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11
Q

what are fungus cell walls made of?

A

chitin

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12
Q

how are hyphae classified?

A

they are classified by either having cell walls ( septate) or not having cell walls (aseptate)

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13
Q

can fungi perform photosynthesis?

A

no they are not plants

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14
Q

where do fungi obtain their nutrients?

A

the obtain them from their environment. they secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings

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15
Q

how do fungi reproduce?

A

sexually and asexually

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16
Q

how are zygospores formed?

A

when a haploid gamete of a + strand fuses with a haploid gamete of a - strand.

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17
Q

what is the asexual reproductive hyphae of the Zygomycota called?

A

sporangiophores

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18
Q

what is the fruiting body at the tip of the sporangiophore called?

A

sporangium

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19
Q

what is the sexual spore of the Zygomycota called?

A

zygospore

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20
Q

what is the asexual hyphae of the ascomycetes called?

A

conidiophore

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21
Q

what is the asexual spore of the ascomycetes called?

A

conidiospores

22
Q

how do yeast reproduce?

A

asexually by budding

23
Q

what is the long strands on the budding yeast cells called

A

pseudohyphae. the + and - pseudohyphae unite to form an ascus

24
Q

how does the spores in the ascus get released?

A

the mature and ruptures to release its offspring

25
Q

why is the simple stain used to view bacteria?

A

it is useful for observing morphology or shape, the size and arrangement of the cells

26
Q

why is a wet mount used?

A

to view microorganisms as near to their natural state as possible

27
Q

what is an advantage to using a wet mount?

A

quick and easy to make

28
Q

what is a disadvantage to using a wet mount?

A
  1. the cover glass can damage larger cells,
  2. the slide is very susceptible to drying
  3. can contaminate the handler’s fingers.
29
Q

which method of slide preparation uses a concave slide?

A

hanging drop method

30
Q

what is a more permanent mount for long-term study

A

fixed stain smears

31
Q

what type of dye has a positive charge

A

basic dyes ( cationic dyes)

32
Q

what type of dye has a negative charge

A

acidic dyes ( anionic dyes)

33
Q

which stain sticks to the cells and gives them color?

A

the positive stain

34
Q

which stain does not stick to the cells and dries its outer boundary, forming a silhouette?

A

the negative stain

35
Q

what is the advantages of a negative stain?

A

it is simple, reduces shrinkage or distortion of the cells and is not heat fixed

36
Q

what is the staining process called when you are using two different colored dyes?

A

differential stain

37
Q

what are the two stains called in a differential stain?

A

the primary dye and the counterstain

38
Q

what color does the gram + cells become after a Gram staining?

A

purple

39
Q

what color does the gram - cells become after a Gram staining?

A

red

40
Q

what color does the acid-fast bacteria become after an acid fast stain?

A

pink

41
Q

what color does the non-acid fast bacteria become after an acid fast stain?

A

blue

42
Q

what is the stain designed to distinguish between spores and a vegetative cells that make them

A

and endospore stain

43
Q

what is an orderly arrangement of organisms into groups that indicate evolutionary relationships and history?

A

classification

44
Q

what it the system of assigning names to the various taxonomic rankings of each microbial species

A

nomenclature

45
Q

what is the process of determining and recording the traits of organisms in order to trace their exact identity and placement in taxonomy?

A

identification

46
Q

the main taxa or groups in a classification scheme are organized into several descending ranks called?

A

a hierarchy

47
Q

the scientific name also known as the?

A

specific epithet

48
Q

what type of fungi are classified as those that consume dead and decomposing organic material?

A

saprobe

49
Q

what type of fungi are classified as those that live off of living organisms?

A

parasite

50
Q

what is the most common sexual spores

A

zygospores, ascospores, and basidiospores

51
Q

what are the two subtypes of asexual spores?

A

sporangiospores and conidia

Microbiology lab (12 decks)

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