Quiz 1 Flashcards
Which of the following best describes why females are more susceptible to urinary tract infections than males?
(a) the acidity of the urine
(b) the length of the urethra
(c) how often they void
(d) the amount of time the urine spends in the bladder
(b) the length of the urethra
Match the following structure with the following terms: renal vein, ureter, medulla, cortex, renal artery.
1 –> Cortex
2 –> Renal Artery
3 –> Renal vein
4 –> Ureter
5 –> Medulla
Match the following structure with the role it plays in ultrafiltration.
- A branch of the afferent arteriole where ultrafiltration begins
TERMS: Capillary tuft; Proximal tuble; Efferent arteriole; Afferent arteriole; Podocytes; Bowmans Space; Bowmans capsule
Capillary tuft
Match the following structure with the role it plays in ultrafiltration.
- Where the ultrafiltrate moves after it is collected
TERMS: Capillary tuft; Proximal tuble; Efferent arteriole; Afferent arteriole; Podocytes; Bowmans Space; Bowmans capsule
Proximal tubule
Match the following structure with the role it plays in ultrafiltration.
- Where the blood exits the glomerulus
TERMS: Capillary tuft; Proximal tuble; Efferent arteriole; Afferent arteriole; Podocytes; Bowmans Space; Bowmans capsule
Efferent arteriole
Match the following structure with the role it plays in ultrafiltration.
- Where the ultrafiltrate is first collected
TERMS: Capillary tuft; Proximal tuble; Efferent arteriole; Afferent arteriole; Podocytes; Bowmans Space; Bowmans capsule
Bowmans space
Match the following structure with the role it plays in ultrafiltration.
- A baloon like structure that in-cases the capillary tuft
TERMS: Capillary tuft; Proximal tuble; Efferent arteriole; Afferent arteriole; Podocytes; Bowmans Space; Bowmans capsule
Bowmans capsule
Match the following structure with the role it plays in ultrafiltration.
- Often referred to as foot cells, creates filtration slits where the large molecules cannot get through
TERMS: Capillary tuft; Proximal tuble; Efferent arteriole; Afferent arteriole; Podocytes; Bowmans Space; Bowmans capsule
Podocytes
Match the following structure with the role it plays in ultrafiltration.
- Where the blood enters
TERMS: Capillary tuft; Proximal tuble; Efferent arteriole; Afferent arteriole; Podocytes; Bowmans Space; Bowmans capsule
Afferent arteriole
Which of the following best describes renin?
(a) Is only released when the renal threshold for glucose has been reached
(b) Is an enzyme released by the juxtaglomerular apparatus as a result of low blood volume
(c) Is released by the adrenal gland in response to high blood pressure
(d) Is a protein that is unable to be secreted in the urine
(b) Is an enzyme released by the juxtaglomerular apparatus as a result of low blood volume
What is the driving force that provides energy for the formation of the plasma ultrafiltrate in the glomerulus?
(a) Pounds of pressure
(b) Kidney pressure
(c) Hydrostatic pressure
(d) Blood pressure
(c) Hydrostatic pressure
What is the main source of the osmotic pressure in the glomerulus?
(a) Hemoglobin
(b) Lipids
(c) Gamma Globulins
(d) Albumin
(d) Albumin
Which of the following regarding transport mechanisms is true?
(a) Passive transport requires energy and is characterized by movement of substances from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration.
(b) Active transport does not require energy and is drive by ATP hydrolysis
(c) Passive transport does not require energy and is characterized by movement of substances from areas of high concentration to lower concentration
(d) Active transport requires energy and goes against the gradient
(e) None the of above
(f) All of the above
(g) (a) and (b)
(h) (c) and (d)
(h) (c) and (d)
What part of the nephron complete the concentrations of the urine?
(a) Collecting duct
(b) Loop of henle
(c) Distal convoluted tubule
(d) Proximal convoluted tubule
(a) Collecting duct
What is the hormone that is responsible for the concentration of the urine in the nephron?
(a) Erythropoetin
(b) Renin
(c) Antidiuretic hormone
(d) Cortisol
(c) Antidiuretic hormone
Select the appropriate mechanism of transport for each structure. You may use an answer once, more than once, or not at all.
- Proximal convoluted tubule
- Distal convoluted tubule
- Collecting duct
- Thick ascending limb
- Thin Ascending limb
- Thin Descending limb
- Proximal convoluted tubule –> Active and Passive
- Distal convoluted tubule –> Active and Passive
- Collecting duct –> Active and Passive
- Thick ascending limb –> Active and Passive
- Thin Ascending limb –> Passive
- Thin Descending limb –> Passive
