Chapter 5 Study Questions

Question 1

The color of normal urine is due to the pigment

(a) bilirubin
(b) urobilin
(c) uroerythrin
(d) urochrome

Answer 1

(d) urochrome

Question 2

A single substance can impart different colors to urine depending on the

 1. amount of the substance present
 2. storage conditions of the urine
 3. pH of the urine
 4. structural form of the substance (a) 1, 2, and 3 are correct (b) 1 and 3 are correct (c) 4 is correct (d) All are correct

Answer 2

(d) All are correct

Question 3

Which of the following urine characteristics provides the best rough indicator of urine concentration and body hydration?

(a) Color
(b) Clarity
(c) Foam
(d) Volume

Answer 3

(a) Color

Question 4

Which of the following pigments deposits on urate and uric acid crystals to form a precipitate described as “brick dust”

(a) Bilirubin
(b) Urobilin
(c) Uroerythrin
(d) Urochrome

Answer 4

Uroerythrin

Question 5

Which of the following criteria should one use to consistently evaluate urine color and clarity?

 1. Mix all specimens well. 
 2. Use the same depth or volume of a specimen. 
 3. Evaluate the specimens at the same temperature. 
 4. View the specimens agains a dark background with good lighting.  (a) 1, 2, and 3 are correct (b) 1 and 3 are correct  (c) 4 is correct (d) All are correct

Answer 5

(a) 1, 2, and 3 are correct

Question 6

Select the urine specimen that does not indicate the possible presence of blood or hemoglobin.

(a) Clear, red urine
(b) Cloudy, brown
(c) Clear, brown urine
(d) Cloudy, amber urine

Answer 6

(d) Cloudy, amber urine

Question 7

A urine that produces a large amount of white foam when mixed should be suspected to contain increased amounts of

(a) bilirubin
(b) protein
(c) urobilin
(d) urobilinogen

Answer 7

(b) protein

Question 8

Which of the following substances can change the color of a urine and its foam?

(a) Bilirubin
(b) Hemoglobin
(c) Myoglobin
(d) Urobilin

Answer 8

(a) Bilirubin

Question 9

The clarity of a well-mixed urine specimen that has visible particulate matter and through which newsprint can be seen but not read should be described as

(a) cloudy
(b) flocculated
(c) slightly cloudy
(d) turbid

Answer 9

(a) cloudy

Question 10

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Bacteria (fresh urine)

Answer 10

(1) Pathogenic

Question 11

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Bacteria (old urine)

Answer 11

(2) nonpathogenic

Question 12

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Fat

Answer 12

(1) Pathogenic

Question 13

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Powder

Answer 13

(2) nonpathogenic

Question 14

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Radiographic contrast media

Answer 14

(2) nonpathogenic

Question 15

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Red blood cells

Answer 15

(1) pathogenic

Question 16

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Renal epithelial cells

Answer 16

(1) pathogenic

Question 17

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Spermatozoa

Answer 17

(2) nonpathogenic

Question 18

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Squamous epithelial cells

Answer 18

(2) nonpathogenic

Question 19

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Urate crystals

Answer 19

(2) nonpathogenic

Question 20

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

White blood cells

Answer 20

(1) pathogenic

Question 21

Classify each substance that can be present in urine as indicating as (1) pathogenic or (2) nonpathogenic condition.

Yeast

Answer 21

(1) pathogenic

Question 22

Which of the following urine specimens is considered normal?

(a) A freshly voided urine that is brown and clear
(b) A freshly voided urine that is yellow and cloudy
(c) A clear yellow urine specimen that changes color upon standing
(d) A clear yellow urine specimen that becomes cloudy upon refrigeration

Answer 22

(d) A clear yellow urine specimen that becomes cloudy upon refrigeration

Question 23

A white or beige precipitate in a “normal” alkaline urine most likely is caused by

(a) amorphous phosphates
(b) amorphous urates
(c) uric acid crystals
(d) radiographic contrast media

Answer 23

(a) amorphous phosphates

Question 24

Which of the following methods used to determine the specific gravity of urine does not detect the presence of urine protein or glucose?

(a) Harmonic oscillation densitometry
(b) Reagent strip
(c) Refractometry
(d) Urinometry

Answer 24

(b) Reagent strip

Question 25

A small ion and a large ion uncharge molecule have the same effect when urine concentration is determined by

(a) urinometry
(b) osmolality
(c) reagent strip
(d) refractometry

Answer 25

(b) osmolality

Question 26

Which of the follow specific gravity values is physiologically impossible?

(a) 1.000
(b) 1.010
(c) 1.020
(d) 1.030

Answer 26

(a) 1.000

Question 27

Which of the following methods is an indirect measure of specific gravity?

 1. Reagent strip
 2. Urinometry
 3. Refractometry
 4. Harmonic oscillation densitometry (a) 1, 2, and 3 are correct (b) 1 and 3 are correct  (c) 4 is correct (d) All are correct

Answer 27

(b) 1 and 3 are correct

Question 28

The refractive index of a solution is affected by the

 1. wavelength of light used
 2. size and number of the solutes present
 3. concentration of the solution
 4. temperature of the solution (a) 1, 2, and 3 are correct (b) 1 and 3 are correct  (c) 4 is correct (d) All are correct

Answer 28

(d) All are correct