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Drugs - CPT Sem 4 > Quinolones > Flashcards

Quinolones Flashcards

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1
Q

Give 3 quinolones

A
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Levofloxacin
  • Ofloxacin
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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of quinolones?

A

Inhibits bacterial synthesis at an early stage by preventing supercoiling of the DNA double helix

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3
Q

Are quinolones broad or narrow spectrum?

A

Narrow

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4
Q

What are quinolones effective against?

A

Gram -ve bacteria and some gram +ve bacteria

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5
Q

What are the routes of delivery of quinolones?

A

PO
IV
Topical, including ear/eye drops

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6
Q

What are the indications for quinolones?

A
  • UTIs and prostatitis
  • Respiratory tract infections
  • GI infections
  • Ear infections
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7
Q

Who are quinolones contraindicated in?

A
  • Children and adolescents
  • Epilepsy and patients at high risk of seizures
  • Patients with a history of tendon disorders related to quinolone
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8
Q

Why are quinolones contraindicated in children and adolescents?

A

Due to risk of causing arthropathy

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9
Q

What should be monitored with quinolones?

A
  • WCC
  • CRP
  • Patients clinical state
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10
Q

Why should WCC, CRP, and patients clinical state be monitored with quinolones?

A

To look for signs of improvement

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11
Q

What are the common side effects of quinolones?

A
  • GI disturbance
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Night-time vision impairment
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12
Q

What are the less common side effects of quinolones?

A
  • Rashes
  • Tendon damage or rupture
  • Arthropathy
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13
Q

Who are the less common side effects of quinolones more common in?

A
  • Over 60

- Taking corticosteroids

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14
Q

What are the rare side effects of quinolones?

A

Convulsions

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15
Q

What patient counselling is required with quinolones?

A
  • Complete antibiotic course
  • How to take
  • Risk of convulsions
  • Tendon problems
  • Driving
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16
Q

What should the patient be told about how to take quinolones?

A

Maintain adequate fluid intake and do not take antacids at the same time as taking the drug

17
Q

What should the patient be told about risk of convulsions with quinolones?

A

Inform patient about risk of convulsions, and encourage them to inform those close to them about this risk, as other people may be required to seek medical help if the patient was to have a seizure

18
Q

What should the patient be told about tendon problems with quinolones?

A

Useful to inform patient about risk of tendon damage or rupture, particularly those heavily involved in sports. Patients should stop taking quinolones immediately if signs of tendinitis develop. Patients over the age of 60 are more prone to tendon damage, as well as those who take steroids concomitantly

19
Q

What should the patient be told about driving with quinolones?

A

Quinolone use may impair performance of normal activities such as driving

Drugs - CPT Sem 4 (81 decks)

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