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Drugs - CPT Sem 4 > Anti-Virals > Flashcards

Anti-Virals Flashcards

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1
Q

Give 4 examples of anti-virals

A
  • Aciclovir
  • Valaciclovir
  • Ganciclovir
  • Famciclovir
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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of anti-virals?

A

Prevent DNA replication by terminating nucleotide chains

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3
Q

Are anti-virals broad or narrow spectrum?

A

Narrow - active against viruses (obviously)

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4
Q

What are the routes of deliveries of anti-virals?

A
  • Herpes simplex and herpes zoster
  • Varicella zoster
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
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5
Q

What anti-viral is used in CMV?

A

Gangciclovir

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6
Q

Who should anti-virals be used with caution in?

A

Elderly

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7
Q

What should be done if anti-virals are given in renal impairment?

A

Reduce dose and advise patient to maintain hydration

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8
Q

What are the routes of delivery of anti-virals?

A
  • PO
  • IV
  • Topical
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9
Q

What monitoring is required with anti-virals?

A
  • Look for clinical signs of improvement

- Monitor renal function if elderly or have long-term treatment

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10
Q

What might anti-virals interact with?

A
  • Theophylline
  • Methotrexate
  • Cephalosporins
  • Ciclosporins
  • Tacrolimus
  • NSAIDs
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11
Q

What might happen if anti-virals are given with risk of theophylline?

A

Increased plasma concentration if theophylline

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12
Q

What might happen if anti-virals are given with methotrexate, cephalosporins, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, and NSAIDs?

A

Increased risk of nephrotoxicity

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13
Q

What are the common side effects of anti-virals?

A
  • GI disturbances
  • Fatigue
  • Rash
  • Headache
  • Photosensitivity
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14
Q

What are the rare side effects of anti-virals?

A
  • Tremors
  • Fever
  • Psychosis
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15
Q

What patient counselling is required with anti-virals?

A
  • Complete anti-viral course

- Drink plenty of fluids

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16
Q

What is it important to do if using anti-virals as skin cream or eye ointment?

A

Apply antiviral medication 5 times daily

17
Q

Why is it important to drink plenty of fluids with anti-virals?

A

To maintain hydration to reduce risk of renal impairment due to antiviral drug

Drugs - CPT Sem 4 (81 decks)

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