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Drugs - CPT Sem 4 > Adrenaline > Flashcards

Adrenaline Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of adrenaline?

A

Alpha and beta adrenoceptor agonist

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2
Q

What are the beta1 effects of adrenaline?

A

Increases heart rate and contractility

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3
Q

What are the beta2 effects of adrenaline?

A

Causes peripheral vasodilatation

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4
Q

What are the alpha effects of adrenaline?

A

Causes vasoconstriction

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5
Q

What are the potential routes of delivery of adrenaline?

A
  • IM
  • IV
  • Nebuliser (in croup)
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6
Q

What are the indications for the use of adrenaline?

A
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • Bronchodilator in airway obstruction
  • Local vasoconstriction
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7
Q

When might the local vasoconstriction effects of adrenaline be useful?

A

To stop bleeding during endoscopy, or mixed with local anaesthetic drugs

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8
Q

What are the contraindications to the use of adrenaline for anaphylaxis or CPR?

A

None

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9
Q

When should adrenaline be used with caution?

A

Patients with IHD or other cardiovascular conditions

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10
Q

What are the contraindications to the use of adrenaline with local anaesthetic?

A

Should not be used in organs with end-artery blood supply, e.g. nose, external ear, digits, genitalia

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11
Q

Why should local anaesthetic mixed with adrenaline not be used in organs with end-artery supply?

A

Risk of tissue necrosis

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12
Q

What is the dose of adrenaline for use in CPR?

A

1mg IV 1 in 10,000 every 3-5 minutes

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13
Q

What is the dose of adrenaline for use in anaphylaxis?

A

500 mcg IM 1 in 1000

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14
Q

What monitoring should be done with adrenaline?

A

Monitor vital signs during and after treatment

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15
Q

What might adrenaline interact with?

A
  • Beta blockers

- MAOIs

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16
Q

What might happen if adrenaline is given with beta blockers?

A

Increased risk of hypertension

17
Q

What might happen if adrenaline is given with MAOIs?

A

Increased risk of hypertensive crisis

18
Q

What are the cardiovascular side effects of adrenaline?

A
  • Angina
  • MI
  • Palpitations
  • Tachycardia
  • Arrhythmias
  • Hypertension
  • Cold extremities
  • Pallor
19
Q

What are the respiratory side effects of adrenaline?

A
  • Dyspnoea

- Pulmonary oedema

20
Q

What are the GI side effects of adrenaline?

A
  • Nausea
  • Anorexia
  • Vomiting
  • Hypersalivation
21
Q

What are the genitourinary side effects of adrenaline?

A
  • Urinary retention

- Difficulty in micturition

22
Q

What are the CNS side effects of adrenaline?

A
  • Anxiety
  • Restlessness
  • Insomnia
  • Tremor
  • Sweating
  • Psychosis
23
Q

What are the endocrine side effects of adrenaline?

A
  • Hyperglycaemia
  • Metabolic acidosis
  • Hypokalaemia
24
Q

What are the ophthalmic side effects of adrenaline?

A
  • Angle-closure glaucoma

- Mydriasis

25
Q

What patient counselling is required if a patient is given an adrenaline auto-injector?

A
  • How to self administer

- Carry with them at all times

26
Q

What counselling is required regarding how to administer an adrenaline auto-injector?

A

Demonstrate IM administration to patient and ensure that they know how to use the device by asking them to demonstrate. Provide written information to patient to take home after consultation

Drugs - CPT Sem 4 (81 decks)

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