QUESTIONS WRONG

Question 1

What occurs to pulse presssure as SV increases?

Answer 1

it increases

Question 2

what does the pain from aortic dissection usually feel like?

Answer 2

tearing pain

Question 3

what will be found on the cT scan of aortic dissection?

Answer 3

a false lumen

Question 4

what congenital defect is closely associated with Trisomy 13 (PATEU SYNDROME)?

Answer 4

ventricular septal defect

Question 5

which structure in the heart has the fastest conducting veolicites?

Answer 5

Purkinje fibres

Question 6

Cardiomegaly

Answer 6

increase size of heart

Question 7

what would be found on a CXR of a patient with an aortic dissection?

Answer 7

Widened mediastinum

Question 8

what bacteria causes inefective endocarditis if patient is IV drug user?

Answer 8

staphylococcus aures

Question 9

Whats the role of Tropin I?

Answer 9

It binds to tropomyosin, forming troponin- tropomyosin complex

Question 10

what suggests hypokalaemia on an ECG?

Answer 10

prolonged PR interval

Question 11

what is the most common site of the aorta to rupture due to traumatic injury?

Answer 11

aortic isthmus

Question 12

What are branches of the subclavian artery?

Answer 12

Mnemonic for the branches of the subclavian artery: VIT C & D

V ertebral artery
I nternal thoracic
T hyrocervical trunk

C ostalcervical trunk
D orsal scapular

Question 13

Which structure of the heart prevents a fast atrial rate from spreading to the ventricles?

Answer 13

AV node

Question 14

What are examples of contraidicators of warfarin?

Answer 14

NSAIDs, antibiotics such as erythromycin and ciprofloxacin, amiodarone and SSRIs (eg. fluoxetine).

Question 15

What occurs to the PCWP in mitral stenosis and why?

Answer 15

it is raised due to raised ventricular pressure

Question 16

what is transposition of great vessels due to?

Answer 16

failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral

Question 17

how is pericarditis chest pain releived?

Answer 17

by sitting forward

Question 18

what does Troponin T bind to and does this create?

Answer 18

tropomyosin forming a troponin- tropomyosin complex

Question 19

What does Troponin C bind to?

Answer 19

Calcium ions

Question 20

What does Troponin I bind to?

Answer 20

actin

Question 21

how to treat infants who aren’t getting surgery with patent ductus arteriosus?

Answer 21

indomethacin

Question 22

MofA of indomethacin?

Answer 22

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

Question 23

What does Prostaglandin E1 do?

Answer 23

keeps the patent duct open

-useful in congenital heart defects that require surgery as will keep patent duct open until after

Question 24

what patients with cardiovascular disease require lipid lowering therapy?

Answer 24

QRISK score>10%

Question 25

what makes up the femoral triangle?

Answer 25

femoral artery, femoral vein and femoral nerve

Question 26

what murmur is heard in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 26

ejection systolic murmur heard best squatting

Question 27

hypokalaemia on ECG?

Answer 27

- flattened T waves - ST depression - U waves - P wave increase in amplitude and wave, PR prolongation